Integrated Optical Waveguides And Devices Fabricated By Proton Exchange: A Review

Ka-Kha Wong

doi:10.1117/12.960065

6 December 1988 Integrated Optical Waveguides And Devices Fabricated By Proton Exchange: A Review

Ka-Kha Wong

Proceedings Volume 0993, Integrated Optical Circuit Engineering VI; (1988) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.960065
Event: O-E/Fiber LASE '88, 1988, Boston, MA, United States

Abstract

The use of the proton-exchange method (PEM) for optical waveguide formation in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 is reviewed. Problems associated with waveguides fabricated by concentrated benzoic acid melts are outlined. The use of diluted benzoic acid melts and annealing to reduce or eliminate the problems is discussed. Finally passive and active waveguide devices formed by the PEM are described.

Citation Download Citation

Ka-Kha Wong "Integrated Optical Waveguides And Devices Fabricated By Proton Exchange: A Review", Proc. SPIE 0993, Integrated Optical Circuit Engineering VI, (6 December 1988); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.960065

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