Comparative study of contact geometry for bottom-emitting 980-nm VCSELs

R. Rosales; H. Schmeckebier; C. Boldt; P. Moser; M. E. Warren; R. F. Carson; J. A. Lott

doi:10.1117/12.2253361

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25 February 2017 Comparative study of contact geometry for bottom-emitting 980-nm VCSELs

R. Rosales, H. Schmeckebier, C. Boldt, P. Moser, M. E. Warren, R. F. Carson, J. A. Lott

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Proceedings Volume 10122, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XXI; 101220C (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2253361
Event: SPIE OPTO, 2017, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Substrate-emitting GaAs based oxide-confined 980-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with top-surface high-frequency ground-source-ground contact pads are designed, fabricated, and characterized. The devices are composed of standard top and bottom epitaxially-grown AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). The top (p)DBR is capped with p-contact Ti then Au thin-film metals for uniform current injection and laser emission is through the GaAs substrate. The devices are realized on a single epitaxial wafer with n-ohmic-contacts placed on a thick (n+)GaAs buffer layer beneath the bottom (n)DBR and alternatively with the n-ohmic-contacts placed on an (n)GaAs intra-cavity layer lying within the same bottom (n)DBR. Static device parameters including threshold current and rollover current, differential resistance, peak optical output power, and wall-plug efficiency are extracted for VCSELs with oxide-aperture diameters ranging from about 3 to 9-µm and at different temperatures. At room temperature threshold currents are achieved from the sub-mA range up to about 3.5-mA with maximum output powers exceeding 15-mW. Increasing the temperature up to 85 °C slightly increases the threshold current while the peak output power is about halved. The differential resistance at the thermal rollover current is comparable for standard and intra-cavity n-metal-contacts. Small-signal analysis is performed for different bias currents, temperatures, oxide-aperture diameters, and the two n-contact options. Under optimal bias conditions the 3-dB bandwidth exceeds 15 GHz. Direct current modulation-based on-off keying signal generation is investigated from 10 to 40-Gb/s. The influence of an anti-reflection-coated substrate, a thinned substrate, and the combination of both is investigated and discussed.

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R. Rosales, H. Schmeckebier, C. Boldt, P. Moser, M. E. Warren, R. F. Carson, and J. A. Lott "Comparative study of contact geometry for bottom-emitting 980-nm VCSELs", Proc. SPIE 10122, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XXI, 101220C (25 February 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2253361

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