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14 March 2018 E-field fiber tip sensors by exploiting the electro-optic tunability of lithium niobate photonic crystals (Conference Presentation)
Bruno Robert, Venancio Calero, Roland Salut, Miguel Suárez, Laurence Galtier, Gwenaël Gaborit, Fadi Baida, Nadège Courjal, Etiennn Fizaine, Tristan Faure, Florent Behague, Alexis Caspar, Lionel Duvillaret, Maria-Pilar Bernal
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Proceedings Volume 10539, Photonic Instrumentation Engineering V; 105390E (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2289805
Event: SPIE OPTO, 2018, San Francisco, California, United States
Abstract
Biomedical engineering (BME), electrophysiology, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) or aerospace and defense fields demand compact electric field sensors with very small spatial resolution, low sensitivity and large bandwidth. We show that the electro-optical property of lithium niobate coupled with the tunability of photonic crystals can answer this request through Lab-on-Fiber technology. First, band diagram calculations and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations analysis lead to the design of the most suitable two-dimensional photonic crystal geometry. We show that light normal incidence on rectangular array of air holes in free standing X-cut thin film lithium niobate produces a very sharp and E-field sensitive Fano resonance at a wavelength of 1550nm. Then, in order to concentrate the E-Field to be detected in the photonic crystal area (20μm*20μm*0.7μm) we design a thin metallic antenna, scaled down them in such a way that it does not produce any disturbances while increasing the sensitivity. The LN membrane with the antenna is fabricated by standard clean room processes and Focused Ion Beam (FIB) is used to mill the photonic crystal. Then, by means of a flexible/bendable transparent membrane, we were able to align and to attach the photonic crystal onto a ferrule ending polarization maintained optical fiber. Optical characterizations show that the Fano resonance is easily modulated (wavelength shifted) by the surrounding E-field. The novel non-intrusive E-field sensor shows linearity, low sensitivity, large bandwidth (up to 100GHz) and a very small spatial resolution (≈20μm). To the best of our knowledge, this spatial resolution has never been achieved in E-field optical sensing before.
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Bruno Robert, Venancio Calero, Roland Salut, Miguel Suárez, Laurence Galtier, Gwenaël Gaborit, Fadi Baida, Nadège Courjal, Etiennn Fizaine, Tristan Faure, Florent Behague, Alexis Caspar, Lionel Duvillaret, and Maria-Pilar Bernal "E-field fiber tip sensors by exploiting the electro-optic tunability of lithium niobate photonic crystals (Conference Presentation)", Proc. SPIE 10539, Photonic Instrumentation Engineering V, 105390E (14 March 2018); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2289805
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KEYWORDS
Electric field sensors
Photonic crystals
Sensors
Lithium niobate
Fiber optics sensors
Spatial resolution
Antennas
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