High power thulium-doped fibers rely on 793 nm pumping and cross-relaxation. While this approach has been historically successful, low optical-to-optical efficiencies and high thermal loads impede multi-kW power scaling. Another option is to in-band pump the final amplifier. In-band pumped thulium-doped fibers enable >80% efficiencies and low thermal loads. Design concepts and simulations for scaling thulium-doped fibers >1 kW with in-band pumping are discussed. Developing the high power 1.9 µm pump units, the incoherent fiber combiner, and the specially designed final amplifier are detailed. Requirements on the seed source (wavelength, power, etc.) are also described.
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