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In this communication, we report on the direct inscription of near-surface waveguides in crystals and polymers for the first time. A Ti-Sapphire femtosecond laser was used to form near-surface waveguides based on a depressed cladding architecture in quartz by placing a cover glass temporarily in optical contact with the surface of the sample during the inscription process. Also, a novel technique based on resonant absorption of polymers in the mid-IR is applied to induce the formation of on-surface waveguides in polymers. As a proof of concept, the near-surface waveguides were used as highly sensitive refractometric sensors.
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Jean-Philippe Bérubé, Clément Frayssinous, Jérôme Lapointe, Albert Dupont, Réal Vallée, "Direct inscription of near-surface waveguides in crystals, glasses, and polymers (Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE 11270, Frontiers in Ultrafast Optics: Biomedical, Scientific, and Industrial Applications XX, 112700R (9 March 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2543574