Raman-assisted BOTDA performance improvement with the differential pulse-width pair technique and an artificial neural network based fitting algorithm

Nageswara Lalam; Ping Lu; Abhishek Venketeswaran; Michael Buric; Paul R. Ohodnicki

doi:10.1117/12.2558717

23 April 2020 Raman-assisted BOTDA performance improvement with the differential pulse-width pair technique and an artificial neural network based fitting algorithm

Nageswara Lalam, Ping Lu, Abhishek Venketeswaran, Michael Buric, Paul R. Ohodnicki

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 11415, Autonomous Systems: Sensors, Processing, and Security for Vehicles and Infrastructure 2020; 1141503 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2558717
Event: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2020, Online Only

Abstract

The sensing range of Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) is typically restricted to tens of kilometers by the fiber attenuation, pump depletion, and unwanted nonlinear effects. It limits the use of BOTDA in applications such as oil and gas pipeline monitoring that requires a sensing range up to hundreds of kilometers. In this work, a Raman amplification technique and a differential pulse-width pair (DPP) technique are employed to achieve high spatial resolution and long distance measurement. The Raman amplification technique involves three Raman pump configurations such as forward/backward and bi-directional pump with respect to different Brillouin pump pulses. Variations in pump and probe power, Raman propagation direction and injection location are explored to allow full control over signal amplification in any particular section of the total sensing fiber length. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a certain location along the length of the fiber can be enhanced to provide more useful localized information. In addition, a novel fitting algorithm based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) for Brillouin scattering spectrum is proposed for the estimation of Brillouin frequency shift with high accuracy. It is experimentally demonstrated for a sensing range of 100 km with a spatial resolution of 1 m and ANN based novel fitting algorithm.

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Nageswara Lalam, Ping Lu, Abhishek Venketeswaran, Michael Buric, and Paul R. Ohodnicki "Raman-assisted BOTDA performance improvement with the differential pulse-width pair technique and an artificial neural network based fitting algorithm", Proc. SPIE 11415, Autonomous Systems: Sensors, Processing, and Security for Vehicles and Infrastructure 2020, 1141503 (23 April 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2558717

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KEYWORDS

Raman spectroscopy

Scattering

Spatial resolution

Artificial neural networks

Surface plasmons

Evolutionary algorithms

Raman scattering

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