Fluorescent probes are widely used in biological imaging; however, their spectral properties often limit sensing and multiplexing. Instead, intracellular lasers, offer increased spectral purity, photostability and distinct spectral outputs enabling the unique tagging of multiple cells over long time periods. Here we report on the optimisation of low threshold miniature lasers, 1000-fold smaller than the eukaryotic nucleus (Vlaser<0.1μm3). The improved fabrication method has allowed us to explore more complex laser geometries such as squares and pentagons, amongst others, to optimize the optical properties to the specific sensing or tracking application. Furthermore, we demonstrate intracellular sensing, by evaluating local cellular properties.
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