During tumor resection surgery, intraoperative ultrasound images of the brain show anatomical structures, the tumor, and the resection cavity (after resection started). These elements help with the localization and tumor resection, and can be used to register the preoperative MRI to intraoperative images, to compensate for the tissue deformation occurring during surgery. We evaluate a multi-class segmentation model for the sulci, falx cerebri, tumor, resection cavity and ventricle. We present strategies to overcome the severe class imbalance in the training data. We show that a multi-class model may leverage inter-class spatial relationships and produce more accurate results than single-class models.
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