Mid-IR emission characteristics of low-phonon erbium-doped ternary chloride-based single crystals

E. Brown; Z. D. Fleischman; R. Hawrami; E. Ariesanti; A. Burger; U. Hömmerich; S. B. Trivedi; M. Dubinskii

doi:10.1117/12.2579430

5 March 2021 Mid-IR emission characteristics of low-phonon erbium-doped ternary chloride-based single crystals

E. Brown, Z. D. Fleischman, R. Hawrami, E. Ariesanti, A. Burger, U. Hömmerich, S. B. Trivedi, M. Dubinskii

Proceedings Volume 11682, Optical Components and Materials XVIII; 116820R (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2579430
Event: SPIE OPTO, 2021, Online Only

Abstract

The mid-infrared fluorescence properties of erbium (Er) doped low-phonon ternary chloride-based crystals (KPb₂Cl₅, Cs₂HfCl₆, CsPbCl₃, CsCdCl₃) have been investigated. All crystals were grown by vertical Bridgman technique. Following optical excitations at 805 nm and 660 nm, all Er³⁺ doped chlorides exhibited infrared emissions at ~2750, ~3500, and ~4500 nm at room temperature. The mid-infrared emission at 4500 nm originating from the ⁴I_9/2 → ⁴I_11/2 transition showed long emission lifetime values of ~7.8 ms and ~11.6 ms for Er³⁺ doped Cs₂HfCl₆ and CsCdCl₃ crystals, respectively. In comparison, Er³⁺ doped KPb₂Cl₅ and CsPbCl₃ demonstrated shorter lifetimes of ~3 ms and ~1.8 ms, respectively. The temperature dependence of the ⁴I_9/2 decay times was performed for Er³⁺ doped CsPbCl₃ and CsCdCl₃ crystals. We observed that the fluorescence lifetimes were nearly independent of the temperature, indicating a negligibly small non-radiative decay rate through multiphonon relaxation, as predicted by the energy gap law for low phonon energy hosts. The room temperature stimulated emission cross-sections for the ⁴I_9/2 → ⁴I_11/2 transition were determined to be in a range of ~0.14-0.54 x 10^-20 cm² for the studied Er doped chloride crystals.

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E. Brown, Z. D. Fleischman, R. Hawrami, E. Ariesanti, A. Burger, U. Hömmerich, S. B. Trivedi, and M. Dubinskii "Mid-IR emission characteristics of low-phonon erbium-doped ternary chloride-based single crystals", Proc. SPIE 11682, Optical Components and Materials XVIII, 116820R (5 March 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2579430

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