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In this paper, a novel backplane interconnect technology based on multiplexed waveguide holograms in low-loss planar waveguides is proposed. Two different types of waveguide holograms are employed in this novel interconnect technology: holographic waveguide couplers serve the coupling functions between optical planar waveguides and laser sources/detectors; and planar waveguide holograms are used to distribute signals in various directions. Both holograms can realize fan-out and/or fan-in operations. In particular, long interaction lengths possible in planar waveguide holograms can result in high angular selectivity.
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T. Jannson, F. Lin, B. Moslehi, "Holoplanar Backplanes," Proc. SPIE 1178, Optical Interconnects in the Computer Environment, (23 January 1990); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.963376