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Flat lenses based on metasurfaces promise to shrink imaging systems. While volume of a flat lens is negligible, the light field must propagate through a sizeable volume of image space behind the lens to finally form an image. This constrains the opportunity to shrink imaging systems. We introduce a general metric the Volumetric Imaging Efficiency (VIE) and show it’s an effective tool to compare disparate lenses and technologies. We use the VIE to illustrate the trade space where flat lenses excel – short focal length, wide angle lenses. We quantify their performance against conventional bulk lenses and discuss challenges for scaling to longer focal lengths.
C. Kyle Renshaw andZhao Ma
"Volumetric imaging efficiency of multi-metasurface lenses", Proc. SPIE 11795, Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021, 117951P (3 August 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594631
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C. Kyle Renshaw, Zhao Ma, "Volumetric imaging efficiency of multi-metasurface lenses," Proc. SPIE 11795, Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021, 117951P (3 August 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594631