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High-speed low-light two-photon voltage imaging is an emerging tool to simultaneously monitor neuronal activity from a large number of neurons. However, shot noise dominates pixel-wise measurements and the neuronal signals are difficult to be identified in the single-frame raw measurement. We developed a self-supervised deep learning framework for voltage imaging denoising, DeepVID, without the need for any high-SNR measurements. DeepVID infers the underlying fluorescence signal based on independent temporal and spatial statistics of the measurement that is attributable to shot noise. DeepVID achieved a 15-fold improvement in SNR when comparing denoised and raw image data.
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Chang Liu, Jelena Platisa, Xin Ye, Allison M. Ahrens, Ichun Anderson Chen, Ian G. Davison, Vincent A. Pieribone, Jerry L. Chen, Lei Tian, "Two-photon voltage imaging denoising by self-supervised learning," Proc. SPIE 12365, Neural Imaging and Sensing 2023, 1236505 (14 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2648122