H:LiNbO3 optical waveguides made from pyrophosphoric acid

C. C. Ziling; L. Pokrovskii; N. V. Terpugov; Mariana K. Kuneva; Ivanka T. Savatinova; Mario Nicola Armenise

doi:10.1117/12.50879

1 December 1991 H:LiNbO₃ optical waveguides made from pyrophosphoric acid

C. C. Ziling, L. Pokrovskii, N. V. Terpugov, Mariana K. Kuneva, Ivanka T. Savatinova, Mario Nicola Armenise

Proceedings Volume 1583, Integrated Optical Circuits; (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.50879
Event: OE Fiber, 1991, Boston, MA, United States

Abstract

Efforts are made to correlate the hydrogen presence in proton-exchanged waveguides with their modal properties and vibrational spectra. The exchange process was performed by immersion Z-cut substrates in molten pyrophosphorlc acid at 240 °C for 8 h, thus realizing technological conditions similar to those for waveguides made previously by us from benzoic acid. The number of modes obtained in such type of waveguides was high enought (10-20) to ensure precise profile reconstructions by using the IWKB method. A surface refractive index change of 0.148 was obtained at y=632.8 nm. The exchanged samples were subjected to subsequent annealings for 1 h through 20° starting from 200 °C. Reflection High Energy Diffraction (RHEED), optical measurements and vibrational (IR and Raman) spectra were used at each stage of annealing in order to follow the guide characteristics. Seme correlations between optical profiles and vibrational spectra have been found which allow to make conclusions about the substitution degree and the structure of exchanged layers.

Citation Download Citation

C. C. Ziling, L. Pokrovskii, N. V. Terpugov, Mariana K. Kuneva, Ivanka T. Savatinova, and Mario Nicola Armenise "H:LiNbO₃ optical waveguides made from pyrophosphoric acid", Proc. SPIE 1583, Integrated Optical Circuits, (1 December 1991); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.50879

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available