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12 January 1993Quantitative Schlieren method using digital image processing for supersonic flow characterization
New analytic formulas relating the light intensity distribution from the output plane of the schlieren system to the refractive index gradients of the air flow around a model are reported. The digital processing of the schlieren image using this new algorithm and a proper calibration led to precise measurements of the refractive index (and, hence, mass density) distribution, in the error limits of 5%.
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Ionel Valentin Vlad, Nicholas Ionescu-Pallas, Ion G. Apostol, "Quantitative Schlieren method using digital image processing for supersonic flow characterization," Proc. SPIE 1771, Applications of Digital Image Processing XV, (12 January 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.139114