Biodistribution and photodynamic effect of protoporphyrin IX in rat urinary bladders after intravesical instillation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid

Shi-Chung Chang; Alexander J. MacRobert; Stephen G. Bown

doi:10.1117/12.203360

1 March 1995 Biodistribution and photodynamic effect of protoporphyrin IX in rat urinary bladders after intravesical instillation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid

Shi-Chung Chang, Alexander J. MacRobert, Stephen G. Bown

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 2371, 5th International Photodynamic Association Biennial Meeting; (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.203360
Event: Fifth International Photodynamic Association Biennial Meeting, 1994, Amelia Island, FL, United States

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has considerable potential for the treatment of superficial bladder neoplasia. Complications such as scarring of the detrusor muscle and prolonged cutaneous photosensitivity may be reduced by using the new photosensitizer precursor, 5- aminolaevulinic acid (ALA). After instillation of ALA, the concentration, pH, and time of bladder retention of ALA solution were found to be the key factors to a satisfactory PpIX buildup in the mucosa. The optimum PpIX fluorescence intensity ratio between mucosa and muscle layer is 10 to 1 with a pH 5.5, 1% ALA solution retained for 5 hours. Higher concentration resulted in more mucosal PpIX formation, but less selectivity. Unbuffered ALA was unsuitable for bladder instillation. Two days after laser treatment with 25 J/cm² at 630 nm with optimal sensitization, typical histological findings were urothelial sloughing and lamina propria edema without obvious muscle damage. After 7 days, recovery of the urothelium was almost complete and fibroblast infiltration was minimal. ALA induced PpIX after bladder instillation may be an appropriate photosensitizer for future management of superficial bladder cancer.

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Shi-Chung Chang, Alexander J. MacRobert, and Stephen G. Bown "Biodistribution and photodynamic effect of protoporphyrin IX in rat urinary bladders after intravesical instillation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid", Proc. SPIE 2371, 5th International Photodynamic Association Biennial Meeting, (1 March 1995); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.203360

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