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This paper discusses the dynamics of signature propagation associated with imaging and lidar operation through a realistic turbulent atmosphere in the vicinity of chemical plumes. Traditional phase screen models represent the propagation through artificial turbulence without dynamic compatibility. In contrast, three new models, AIRFLOS, CHAFFSIM, and SIMLIGHT have been developed to provide a first principles physics approach to modeling signature propagation through a dynamically consistent atmosphere. Solving the Navier Stokes equations the AIRFLOS model computes the turbulence and index of refraction over complex terrain and structures as a function of space and time, CHAFFSIM computes the chemical concentration motion, and SIMLIGHT models the electromagnetic energy propagation. Together these models allow simulation of imaging systems and lidar propagation through a realistic atmospheric environment. Included also is the ability to capture the dynamics of signature variability through environmental heating and cooling.
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Ronald E. Meyers, Keith S. Deacon, Wendell R. Watkins, "Dynamics of signature propagation," Proc. SPIE 2742, Targets and Backgrounds: Characterization and Representation II, (17 June 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.243025