Fiber grating evanescent-wave sensors

Gerald Meltz; Simon J. Hewlett; John D. Love

doi:10.1117/12.261002

10 December 1996 Fiber grating evanescent-wave sensors

Gerald Meltz, Simon J. Hewlett, John D. Love

Proceedings Volume 2836, Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Fiber Sensors VIII; (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.261002
Event: SPIE's 1996 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, 1996, Denver, CO, United States

Abstract

Fiber Bragg grating sensors can be used to measure the refractive index of fluids by etching the surface of a D- shaped fiber to expose the evanescent field to the superstrate layer. The cladding is modified and the modal propagation constants are changed thereby shifting the Bragg wavelength of a grating in the etched region. Experiments are reported with etched e-core D-fiber that demonstrate the effect. The Bragg lines of both the fast and slow eigenmodes are blue-shifted when the silica cladding layer is removed and replaced with water or methanol films. Changes in the fiber birefringence are also observed because the perpendicular and parallel modes decay into the cladding at different rates. By using a tunable laser, such as an ECL, with a narrow band Bragg grating filter or three-grating Fabry-Perot interferometer, it may be possible to resolve refractive index variations of 5 by 10^-6. Temperature compensation methods are also discussed including the use of an isolated reference grating and the simultaneous combination of birefringence and Bragg line wavelength shift measurements.

Citation Download Citation

Gerald Meltz, Simon J. Hewlett, and John D. Love "Fiber grating evanescent-wave sensors", Proc. SPIE 2836, Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Fiber Sensors VIII, (10 December 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.261002

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