Laser-induced transformation of carbonated apatite to fluorapatite on bovine enamel

Nancy D. Phan; Daniel Fried; John D. B. Featherstone

doi:10.1117/12.348355

19 May 1999 Laser-induced transformation of carbonated apatite to fluorapatite on bovine enamel

Nancy D. Phan, Daniel Fried, John D. B. Featherstone

Proceedings Volume 3593, Lasers in Dentistry V; (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.348355
Event: BiOS '99 International Biomedical Optics Symposium, 1999, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that irradiation of dental enamel by carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser irradiation, with and without fluoride, can inhibit the acid-induced surface dissolution of the carbonated apatite (CAP) mineral of the tooth. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that laser treatment together with fluoride (F) can effectively transform the CAP in caries-like lesions to fluorapatite (FAP), which is orders of magnitude less soluble than CAP. Samples of both sound and caries-like enamel were irradiated by CO₂ laser at 9.6 μm , 25 pulses per spot, 2 μs pulse duration and 1J/cm² fluence, with and without F treatment. The surface acid-dissolution rate was measured, together with untreated controls in a specially constructed apparatus. FAP formation was assessed by chemical analysis. Results showed dissolution rate reductions of 49%, 73%, and 87% for fluoride treatment, laser alone, and the laser/F combination respectively. Carbonate loss (measured by FTIR) coincided with dissolution rate reduction. High F concentrations were incorporated into the laser treated samples, producing marked dissolution rate reductions, most likely related to the formation of FAP.

Citation Download Citation

Nancy D. Phan, Daniel Fried, and John D. B. Featherstone "Laser-induced transformation of carbonated apatite to fluorapatite on bovine enamel", Proc. SPIE 3593, Lasers in Dentistry V, (19 May 1999); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.348355

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