Segmentation of bone and soft tissue regions in digital radiographic images of extremities

S. Kubilay Pakin; Roger S. Gaborski; Lori L. Barski; David H. Foos; Kevin J. Parker

doi:10.1117/12.431007

3 July 2001 Segmentation of bone and soft tissue regions in digital radiographic images of extremities

S. Kubilay Pakin, Roger S. Gaborski, Lori L. Barski, David H. Foos, Kevin J. Parker

Proceedings Volume 4322, Medical Imaging 2001: Image Processing; (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.431007
Event: Medical Imaging 2001, 2001, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

This paper presents an algorithm for segmentation of computed radiography (CR) images of extremities into bone and soft tissue regions. The algorithm is a region-based one in which the regions are constructed using a growing procedure with two different statistical tests. Following the growing process, tissue classification procedure is employed. The purpose of the classification is to label each region as either bone or soft tissue. This binary classification goal is achieved by using a voting procedure that consists of clustering of regions in each neighborhood system into two classes. The voting procedure provides a crucial compromise between local and global analysis of the image, which is necessary due to strong exposure variations seen on the imaging plate. Also, the existence of regions whose size is large enough such that exposure variations can be observed through them makes it necessary to use overlapping blocks during the classification. After the classification step, resulting bone and soft tissue regions are refined by fitting a 2nd order surface to each tissue, and reevaluating the label of each region according to the distance between the region and surfaces. The performance of the algorithm is tested on a variety of extremity images using manually segmented images as gold standard. The experiments showed that our algorithm provided a bone boundary with an average area overlap of 90% compared to the gold standard.

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S. Kubilay Pakin, Roger S. Gaborski, Lori L. Barski, David H. Foos, and Kevin J. Parker "Segmentation of bone and soft tissue regions in digital radiographic images of extremities", Proc. SPIE 4322, Medical Imaging 2001: Image Processing, (3 July 2001); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.431007

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KEYWORDS

Image segmentation

Tissues

Bone

Natural surfaces

Image processing algorithms and systems

Gold

Chromium

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