Sol-gel technologies for multimode waveguide devices

Pentti Karioja; Maja Kusevic; Marianne Hiltunen; Janne Paaso; Jukka-Tapani Maekinen; Jussi A. Hiltunen; Kari Kautio; Harri K. Kopola

doi:10.1117/12.433291

18 June 2002 Sol-gel technologies for multimode waveguide structures

Pentti Karioja, Maja Kusevic, Marianne Hiltunen, Janne Paaso, Jukka-Tapani Maekinen, Jussi A. Hiltunen, Kari Kautio, Harri K. Kopola

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4640, Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies VI; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.433291
Event: Symposium on Integrated Optoelectronic Devices, 2002, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

Lithographic patterning of organic-inorganic hybrid materials processed by the use of sol-gel technology allows for the generation of waveguide structures at low temperatures onto polymer or ceramic substrates. In addition, sol-gel technology provides the possibility to process precision structures, such as, grooves and cavities, which are applicable for the passive alignment of photonic devices. This provides the possibility for the realization of mass-producible photonic circuits onto large-area substrates. At the moment, the most potential applications are systems based on then use of multimode waveguide structures. Actually, when utilizing sol-gel technology, the challenge is how to process homogenous, low-loss and high-aspect-ratio structures. In addition, when aiming to highly mass-producible multimode modules, the key issue is the alignment of photonic devices preferably by the use of passive precision structures. In the future, when the systems need to be more complicated, the modeling of systems requires sophisticated 3D modeling tools. In this paper, the processing of multimode structures with sol-gel technologies is described, and the characterization results of prototype devices are reported. In addition, molding and cofiring technologies potentially applicable for the hybrid integration of photonic modules are reviewed. Finally, the future research aims for the commercialization of photonic modules based on the use of sol-gel technologies are envisioned.

Citation Download Citation

Pentti Karioja, Maja Kusevic, Marianne Hiltunen, Janne Paaso, Jukka-Tapani Maekinen, Jussi A. Hiltunen, Kari Kautio, and Harri K. Kopola "Sol-gel technologies for multimode waveguide structures", Proc. SPIE 4640, Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies VI, (18 June 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.433291

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