Developments in chlorine detection in concrete using NMR

Andrew Haebum Yun; Mark E. Patton; James H. Garrett Jr.; Gary K. Fedder; Kevin M. Frederick; Jung-Jiin Hsu; Irving J. Lowe; Irving J. Oppenheim; Paul J. Sides

doi:10.1117/12.472568

28 June 2002 Developments in chlorine detection in concrete using NMR

Andrew Haebum Yun, Mark E. Patton, James H. Garrett Jr., Gary K. Fedder, Kevin M. Frederick, Jung-Jiin Hsu, Irving J. Lowe, Irving J. Oppenheim, Paul J. Sides

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4696, Smart Structures and Materials 2002: Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472568
Event: SPIE's 9th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, 2002, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Monitoring chloride concentration and transport in concrete structures susceptible to corrosion of embedded steel reinforcement is a challenge as difficult as it is important. An embedded sensor based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) would be a good solution to the problem because it would make a non-destructive atom-specific measurement of the presence and concentration of chloride. The important question is the scale of the device required to detect the chloride. Laboratory experiments to detect chloride in a cement matrix using pulse-NMR were conducted to assess the potential of this application; they provided a basis for projecting the scale of a device that would have a good chance of success. The coils were cm-scale and the magnetic field was 2.35 T. NMR signals were obtained from both aqueous chloride solution and samples of both regular and white portland cement. The experiments demonstrated that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a cm-scale cement sample volume is so small, even after averaging, that sample volumes much lower than that are unlikely to produce measurable signals at fields of 1 T or below. Thus the potential for realizing an embedded NMR-based sensor including the magnet is low. Parametric studies identify feasible alternative coil diameters and magnetic field strengths for detecting chloride ion concentrations in hardened concrete.

Citation Download Citation

Andrew Haebum Yun, Mark E. Patton, James H. Garrett Jr., Gary K. Fedder, Kevin M. Frederick, Jung-Jiin Hsu, Irving J. Lowe, Irving J. Oppenheim, and Paul J. Sides "Developments in chlorine detection in concrete using NMR", Proc. SPIE 4696, Smart Structures and Materials 2002: Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, (28 June 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472568

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available