Crew coordination issues of EVS approaches

Bernd Lorenz; Bernd R. Korn

doi:10.1117/12.554449

11 August 2004 Crew coordination issues of EVS approaches

Bernd Lorenz, Bernd R. Korn

Proceedings Volume 5424, Enhanced and Synthetic Vision 2004; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.554449
Event: Defense and Security, 2004, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

Enhanced Vision Systems (EVS) are currently developed with the goal to alleviate restrictions in airspace and airport capacity in low visibility conditions. Existing EVS-systems are based on IR-sensors although the penetration of bad weather (dense fog and light rain) by MMW-radar is remarkably better than in the infrared spectrum. But the quality of MMW radar is rather poor compared to IR images. However, the analysis of radar images can be simplified dramatically when simple passive radar retro-reflectors are used to mark the runway. This presentation is the third in a series of studies investigating the use of such simple landing aids. In the first study the feasibility of the radar PAPI concept was determined; the second one provided first promising human performance results in a low-fidelity simulation. The present study examined pilot performance, workload, situation awareness, and crew coordination issues in a high-fidelity simulation of 'Radar-PAPI' visual aids supporting a precision straight-in landing in low visibility (CAT-II). Simulation scenarios were completed in a fixed-base cockpit simulator involving six two-pilot flight-deck crews. Pilots could derive visual cues to correct lateral glide-path deviations from 13 pairs of runway-marking corner reflectors. Vertical deviations were indicated by a set of six diplane reflectors using intensity-coding to provide the PAPI categories needed for the correction of vertical deviations. The study compared three display formats and associated crew coordination issues: (1) PF views a head-down B-scope display and switches to visual landing upon PNF's call-out that runway is in sight; (2) PF views a head-down C-scope display and switches to visual landing upon PNF's call-out that runway is in sight; (3) PF views through a head-up display (HUD) that displays primary flight guidance information and receives vertical and lateral guidance from PNF who views a head-down B-scope. PNF guidance is terminated upon PF's call-out that runway is in sight.

Citation Download Citation

Bernd Lorenz and Bernd R. Korn "Crew coordination issues of EVS approaches", Proc. SPIE 5424, Enhanced and Synthetic Vision 2004, (11 August 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.554449

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