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Growth and electrochemical and optical properties of single crystalline vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorod arrays were investigated. Vanadium pentoxide nanorod arrays were grown by electrochemical deposition, surface condensation induced by a pH change and sol electrophoretic deposition. Uniformly sized vanadium oxide nanorods with a length of about 10μm and diameters of 100 or 200nm were grown over a large area with near unidirectional alignment. TEM micrographs and electron diffraction patterns of V2O5 nanorods clearly show the single-crystalline nature of nanorods from all three growth routes with a growth direction of [010]. The growth mechanisms of single crystal vanadium pentoxide nanorods have been discussed. The transmittance of nanorod arrays decrease more quickly under applied electric field than sol-gel derived film, which suggests nanorod array electrodes possess significantly improved charge/discharge rate. Electrochemical analysis is proves that nanorod arrays have higher efficiency than sol-gel derived film. The relationships between electrochemical and optical properties, nano and microstructures, and growth mechanisms have been discussed.
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Katsunori Takahashi, Steven J. Limmer, Ying Wang, Guozhong Cao, "Synthesis and electrochromic property of single-crystalline V2O5 nanorod arrays by template-based deposition," Proc. SPIE 5510, Nanophotonic Materials, (14 October 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.563104