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Highly sensitive, sequence-specific and label-free DNA sensors were demonstrated by monitoring the electronic conductance of silicon nanowires with chemically bonded single stranded (ss) DNA or peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe molecules. For a 12-mer oligonucleotide, tens of pM of target ss-DNA in solution was recognized when the complementary DNA oligonucleotide probe was attached to the SiNW surfaces. In contrast, ss-DNA samples of 1000x concentration with single base mismatch only produce a weak signal due to nonspecific binding.
Zhiyong Li,Xuema Li,Theodore I. Kamins,Yong Chen, andR. Stanley Williams
"Sequence-specific DNA sensing based on silicon nanowires", Proc. SPIE 5593, Nanosensing: Materials and Devices, (29 December 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.570817
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Zhiyong Li, Xuema Li, Theodore I. Kamins, Yong Chen, R. Stanley Williams, "Sequence-specific DNA sensing based on silicon nanowires," Proc. SPIE 5593, Nanosensing: Materials and Devices, (29 December 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.570817