Characteristics of BaTiO[sub]3[/sub] For Electro-Optic Devices

M. B. Klein; G. C. Valley

doi:10.1117/12.949841

4 March 1986 Characteristics of BaTiO3 For Electro-Optic Devices

M. B. Klein, G. C. Valley

Proceedings Volume 0567, Advances in Materials for Active Optics; (1986) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.949841
Event: 29th Annual Technical Symposium, 1985, San Diego, United States

Abstract

Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) is a perovskite ferroelectric material with many dielectric, acoustic and optical applications. In particular, the electro-optic tensor components of BaTiO3 are among the largest of any material, leading to favorable performance in a number of device configurations. In this paper we will present results of recent measurements on the photorefractive properties of BaTiO3 in the visible spectral region, and the electro-optic properties of BaTiO3 at millimeter wavelengths. The particular advantage of BaTiO3 for photorefractive applications is its large value of the electro-optic tensor component r42, which in turn provides large values of grating efficiency, beam coupling gain and degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) reflectivity. Large values of the DFWM reflectivity are particularly desirable in phase conjugate resonator applications, where BaTiO3 is generally the material of choice. In recent experiments, we have used photorefractive beam coupling to determine the relative importance of holes and electrons to charge transport, and to measure the number of empty traps. This same tech-nique provides an accurate relative measurement of the electro-optic coefficients in our samples. The promise of BaTiO3 for phase shifting at millimeter-band carrier frequencies has been recognized for some time. We have recently made the first electro-optic measurements in BaTiO3 at millimeter-wave frequencies. Specifically, we have measured the tensor component r33 at a carrier frequency of 94 GHz. The measured value (3.8 x l0 cm/V) is the largest in any material at this frequency. When account is taken of the absorption losses, BaTiO3 compares very favorably with other materials for practical device applications.

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M. B. Klein and G. C. Valley "Characteristics of BaTiO3 For Electro-Optic Devices", Proc. SPIE 0567, Advances in Materials for Active Optics, (4 March 1986); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.949841

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