Ground moving target detection and tracking based on generalized SAR processing and change detection

M. J. Minardi; L. A. Gorham; E. G. Zelnio

doi:10.1117/12.609893

19 May 2005 Ground moving target detection and tracking based on generalized SAR processing and change detection (Invited Paper)

M. J. Minardi, L. A. Gorham, E. G. Zelnio

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 5808, Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XII; (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.609893
Event: Defense and Security, 2005, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

A unified way of detecting and tracking moving targets with a SAR radar called SAR-MTI is presented. SAR-MTI differs from STAP or DPCA in that it is a generalization of SAR processing and can work with only a single phase center. SAR-MTI requires formation of a series of images assuming different sensor ground speeds, from vs-vtmax to vs+vtmax, where vs is the actual sensor ground speed and vtmax is the maximum target speed of interest. Each image will capture a different set of target velocities, and the complete set of images will focus all target speeds less than a desired maximum speed regardless of direction and target location. Thus the 2-dimensional SAR image is generalized to a 3-dimensional cube or stack of images. All linear moving targets less than the desired speed will be focused somewhere in the cube. The third dimension represents the along track velocity of the mover which is a piece of information not available to standard airborne MTI. A mover will remain focused at the same place within the cube as long as the motion of the mover and the sensor remain linear. Because stationary targets also focus within the detection cube, move-stop-move targets are handled smoothly and without changing waveforms or modes. Another result of this fact is that SAR-MTI has no minimum detectable velocity. SAR-MTI has an inherent ambiguity because the four-dimensions of target parameters (two dimensions in both velocity and position) are mapped into a three-dimensional detection space. This ambiguity is characterized and methods for resolving the ambiguity for geolocation are discussed. The point spread function in the detection cube is also described.

Citation Download Citation

M. J. Minardi, L. A. Gorham, and E. G. Zelnio "Ground moving target detection and tracking based on generalized SAR processing and change detection (Invited Paper)", Proc. SPIE 5808, Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XII, (19 May 2005); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.609893

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