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30 June 2005Emitter degenerated voltage controlled oscillators for millimeter wave operation
Three oscillators are presented for operation in the 23-25 GHz range where consideration is given to noise, frequency, and power effects of different tank sizes and topologies. The circuits in question employ inductor based tanks with negative resistance provided through an emitter degenerated cross-coupled pair, and use emitter degeneration and inductive peaking to provide bandwidth extension within the single stage output buffers. These circuits are implemented in a 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology with a 54 GHz ft, and use single device stacks to achieve low voltage operation with VDD as low as 900 mV, while consuming as little as 2.25 mW of power.
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Brian Welch, Kevin Kornegay, "Emitter degenerated voltage controlled oscillators for millimeter wave operation," Proc. SPIE 5837, VLSI Circuits and Systems II, (30 June 2005); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.608644