Periodically poled vapor transport equilibrated lithium niobate for visible light generation

Rostislav V. Roussev; Roger Route; Joseph Schaar; Karel Urbanek; Martin M. Fejer; Dieter Jundt; Claudia Kajiyama

doi:10.1117/12.647374

10 February 2006 Periodically poled vapor transport equilibrated lithium niobate for visible light generation

Rostislav V. Roussev, Roger Route, Joseph Schaar, Karel Urbanek, Martin M. Fejer, Dieter Jundt, Claudia Kajiyama

Proceedings Volume 6103, Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications V; 610302 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.647374
Event: Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, 2006, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

The ability to achieve high quality periodic poling in lithium niobate (LN) has allowed quasi-phase-matching to be used for second-order nonlinear optics, leading to experimental demonstration of efficient optical frequency generation throughout its wide transparency range (0.35-4.5 microns). Applications of congruent lithium niobate involving visible or ultraviolet wavelengths are limited to low power or high temperature operation due to the effects of photorefractive damage (PRD) and green-induced infrared absorption (GRIIRA). The standard methods of suppressing PRD include doping with 5 mol-% MgO or ZnO and varying crystal stoichiometry. More recent methods employ a combination of lower doping level and near-stoichiometric composition. We use vapor transport equilibration (VTE) and significantly lower MgO doping (<0.5% in the melt) to obtain near-stoichiometric PRD-resistant crystals with improved parameters for periodic poling compared to the commercially available 5% MgO-doped congruent crystals. An efficient process for periodic poling at room temperature using baked photoresist as a patterned dielectric on one crystal surface with LiCl-solution electrodes was developed for periods as short as 8.3 microns for 0.5% and 7 microns for 0.3% MgO-doped VTE:LN. The quality of periodic poling improves as the MgO concentration is lowered. Stable second harmonic generation of 1.3-W continuous-wave 532-nm radiation was observed near room temperature (43 degrees Celsius, as determined by the phase matching condition) with no sign of degradation in a 1.5-cm long crystal of 0.3-% MgO-doped VTE:LN periodically poled with a period of 7.06 microns.

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Rostislav V. Roussev, Roger Route, Joseph Schaar, Karel Urbanek, Martin M. Fejer, Dieter Jundt, and Claudia Kajiyama "Periodically poled vapor transport equilibrated lithium niobate for visible light generation", Proc. SPIE 6103, Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications V, 610302 (10 February 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.647374

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