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A convolution model of scatter that is adaptable to rapid simulation and correction algorithms is tested against the measured scatter profiles. In the simple case of a uniform acrylic sheet, the convolution approach yields about 10% absolute agreement with the measured scatter profile. However, significant qualitative differences are demonstrated for phantoms with non-uniform thickness or composition. For example, the scatter profile is dependent on a bone's vertical position in the phantom whereas the primary is unchanged. Similarly, a cusp shape in the scatter profile observed near the abrupt edge of an acrylic sheet is not produced in the convolution model. An alternate approach that calculates the scatter as a 3D integral over the object volume can reproduce this behavior.
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J. Eric Tkaczyk, Yves Trousset, Deborah Walter, Yanfeng Du, Richard A. Thompson, Daniel Harrison, "Novel features of the x-ray scatter profile that are not modeled by convolution of the primary," Proc. SPIE 6142, Medical Imaging 2006: Physics of Medical Imaging, 614232 (3 March 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.653747