Microfabrication not only enables the miniaturization of sensors and instruments, it also enables novel function and capability not accessible to the macro versions. For biomedical applications small size means less invasive, greater spatial resolution, and/or the ability to process small sample volumes. Miniaturization has additional advantages for space applications such as reduced launch payload, compact flight storage, and ease of redundancy. Several, demonstrated biomedical microinstruments are described here illustrating new capabilities arising from descending scale.
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