Bend insensitive long-period gratings written with a CO2 laser in fiber with parabolic-index cladding

Filip Todorov; Miroslav Chomát; Daniela Berková; Jirí Ctyroký; Vlastimil Matejec; Ivan Kašík; Jirí Dunovský; Alexandr Jancárek

doi:10.1117/12.756314

26 November 2007 Bend insensitive long-period gratings written with a CO2 laser in fiber with parabolic-index cladding

Filip Todorov, Miroslav Chomát, Daniela Berková, Jirí Ctyroký, Vlastimil Matejec, Ivan Kašík, Jirí Dunovský, Alexandr Jancárek

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 6830, Advanced Sensor Systems and Applications III; 683005 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.756314
Event: Photonics Asia 2007, 2007, Beijing, China

Abstract

Bending characteristics of long-period gratings (LPGs) written in fiber with parabolic-index cladding are investigated experimentally. The fiber has a uniform outer cladding and an inner cladding, where the refractive index decreases quadratically with radius. A recent theoretical analysis has shown that these LPGs can be highly insensitive to bending. A very small bend-induced wavelength shift of the attenuation band of only 5 nm was predicted for an LPG bent with a uniform curvature of 100 m^-1. Experiments to prove the predicted bend insensitivity are done with LPGs written with a CO₂ laser at one-side and three-side laser irradiation of the fiber. The LPG is bent in an arrangement, where the curvature is maximum in the LPG's center and decreases linearly along the bent LPG in both directions. Bend-induced wavelength shifts of an attenuation band appearing at about 1560 nm and attributed to coupling between the fiber modes LP₀₁ and LP₀₂, are examined for four rotational orientations of the LPG inscribed at three-side laser irradiation. The largest shift of 0.46 nm is obtained for a maximum curvature (in the middle of the LPG) of 11.6 m^-1, (or average curvature of 5.8 nm^-1) corresponding to the largest deflection applied on the LPG in the experiments. The depths of the bands of the above LPG at the -5.5-dB level are observed to vary by less than 0.3 dB over the whole range of applied curvatures.

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Filip Todorov, Miroslav Chomát, Daniela Berková, Jirí Ctyroký, Vlastimil Matejec, Ivan Kašík, Jirí Dunovský, and Alexandr Jancárek "Bend insensitive long-period gratings written with a CO2 laser in fiber with parabolic-index cladding", Proc. SPIE 6830, Advanced Sensor Systems and Applications III, 683005 (26 November 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.756314

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KEYWORDS

Cladding

Laser irradiation

Carbon dioxide lasers

Photonic integrated circuits

Signal attenuation

Fiber lasers

Mirrors

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