Quantum key distribution using a semiconductor quantum dot source emitting at a telecommunication wavelength

P. M. Intallura; M. B. Ward; O. Z. Karimov; Z. L. Yuan; P. See; A. J. Shields; P. Atkinson; D. A. Ritchie

doi:10.1117/12.763412

11 February 2008 Quantum key distribution using a semiconductor quantum dot source emitting at a telecommunication wavelength

P. M. Intallura, M. B. Ward, O. Z. Karimov, Z. L. Yuan, P. See, A. J. Shields, P. Atkinson, D. A. Ritchie

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 6902, Quantum Dots, Particles, and Nanoclusters V; 69020G (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.763412
Event: Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2008, 2008, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

We present the first demonstration of telecom fiber-based quantum key distribution using single photons from a quantum dot in a pillar microcavity. The source offers both telecommunication wavelength operation at 1.3 microns and Purcell enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate. Several emission lines from the InAs/GaAs quantum dot are identified, including the exciton-biexciton cascade and charged excitonic emission. We show an order of magnitude increase in the collected intensity of the emission from a charged excitonic state when temperature tuned onto resonance with the HE11 mode of the pillar microcavity, as compared to the off-resonance intensity. Above- and below-GaAs-bandgap optical excitation was used and the effect of the excitation energy on the photoluminescence investigated. Exciting below the GaAs-bandgap offers significant improvement in the quality of the single photon emission and a reduction of the multi-photon probability to 0.1 times the value for Poissonian light was measured, before subtraction of detector dark counts, the lowest value recorded to date for a quantum dot source at a fibre wavelength. We observe also the first evidence of Purcell enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate for a single telecommunication wavelength quantum dot in a pillar microcavity. We have incorporated the source into a phase encoded interferometric scheme implementing the BB84 quantum cryptography protocol and distributed a key, secure from the pulse splitting attack, over standard telecommunication optical fibre. We show a transmission distance advantage over that possible with (length-optimized) uniform intensity weak coherent pulses at 1310 nm in the same system.

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P. M. Intallura, M. B. Ward, O. Z. Karimov, Z. L. Yuan, P. See, A. J. Shields, P. Atkinson, and D. A. Ritchie "Quantum key distribution using a semiconductor quantum dot source emitting at a telecommunication wavelength", Proc. SPIE 6902, Quantum Dots, Particles, and Nanoclusters V, 69020G (11 February 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.763412

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