Modeling, simulation, and evaluation of HE ammunition for counter-RAM systems

Markus Graswald; Hendrik Rothe

doi:10.1117/12.777054

11 April 2008 Modeling, simulation, and evaluation of HE ammunition for counter-RAM systems

Markus Graswald, Hendrik Rothe

Proceedings Volume 6965, Modeling and Simulation for Military Operations III; 69650G (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.777054
Event: SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, 2008, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

Military camps in out-of-area missions are permanently threatened by rockets, artillery projectiles, and mortar grenades (RAM) launched by terrorists. A good portion of these attacks are undertaken by mortars due to their specific advantages for the warfare of irregular forces and their worldwide distribution. The military installations can be protected by counter-RAM systems consisting of several artillery weapons, radar and electro-optical sensors, C² and fire control computers. A system analysis has shown that the precision of the sensors is vital for defending the camp with low ammunition consumptions. Furthermore, the type of ammunition is also of great impact: 35 mm Ahead ammunition is hardly suited for this application due to its small hit density and low kinetic energy of the sub-projectiles, especially in the case of mortar grenades. Therefore, 155 mm high-explosive (HE) ammunition is investigated using experimentally determined fragment data. Russian mortar projectiles are considered as worst-case RAM targets and their ballistics are mathematically modeled by an air drag function that is also used for computing firing tables. Due to uncertainties of the target positions that are given by an elliptic cylinder for specific sensor parameters, simulations are conducted in order to determine the ammunition consumption. Penetration and detonation criteria for the terminal impact are also considered and the resulting thresholds are displayed in a 3D fragment map. The results show that HE ammunition is superior to low-caliber ammunition because of their high numbers of effective fragments reducing the number of rounds significantly from hundreds to less than ten.

Citation Download Citation

Markus Graswald and Hendrik Rothe "Modeling, simulation, and evaluation of HE ammunition for counter-RAM systems", Proc. SPIE 6965, Modeling and Simulation for Military Operations III, 69650G (11 April 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.777054

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KEYWORDS

Radar

Sensors

Error analysis

Artillery

Electro optical modeling

Systems modeling

Radar sensor technology

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