Characterisation of femtosecond laser inscribed long period gratings in photonic crystal fibre

Tom Allsop; Kyriacos Kalli; Kaiming Zhou; Graham Smith; Yicheng Lai; Michael Dubov; Kate Sugden; David Webb; Ian Bennion; Michael Komodromos

doi:10.1117/12.781104

21 April 2008 Characterisation of femtosecond laser inscribed long period gratings in photonic crystal fibre

Tom Allsop, Kyriacos Kalli, Kaiming Zhou, Graham Smith, Yicheng Lai, Michael Dubov, Kate Sugden, David Webb, Ian Bennion, Michael Komodromos

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 6990, Photonic Crystal Fibers II; 69900I (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.781104
Event: SPIE Photonics Europe, 2008, Strasbourg, France

Abstract

The use of high intensity femtosecond laser sources for inscribing fibre gratings has attained significant interest. The principal advantage of high-energy pulses is their ability for grating inscription in any material type without pre-processing or special core doping - the inscription process is controlled multi-photon absorption, void generation and subsequent local refractive index changes. The formation of grating structures in photonics crystal fibre has proven difficult, as the presence of holes within the fibre that allow wave-guidance impair and scatter the femtosecond inscription beam. Here we report on the consistent manufacture of long period gratings in endlessly single mode microstructure fibre and on their characterisation to external perturbations. Long period gratings are currently the subject of considerable research interest due to their potential applications as filters and as sensing devices, responsive to strain, temperature, bending and refractive index. Compared to the more mature fibre Bragg grating sensors, LPGs have more complex spectra, usually with broader spectral features. On the other hand they are intrinsically sensitive to bending and refractive index. Perhaps more importantly, the fibre design and choice of grating period can have a considerable influence over the sensitivity to the various parameters, for example allowing the creation of a bend sensor with minimal temperature cross-sensitivity. This control is not possible with FBG sensors. Here we compare the effects of symmetric and asymmetric femtosecond laser inscription.

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Tom Allsop, Kyriacos Kalli, Kaiming Zhou, Graham Smith, Yicheng Lai, Michael Dubov, Kate Sugden, David Webb, Ian Bennion, and Michael Komodromos "Characterisation of femtosecond laser inscribed long period gratings in photonic crystal fibre", Proc. SPIE 6990, Photonic Crystal Fibers II, 69900I (21 April 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.781104

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