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15 May 2008Single mode field analysis and adjustment on polymer waveguides understanding the reasons for coupling losses
Integrated optic single mode waveguides in polymer substrates are of interest for several applications especially in the
visible wavelength range e.g. to build waveguide components for biophotonic, sensors or passive splitters. The
manufacturing process contains DUV or UV lithography and some different pre or post exposure bakes depending on the
used type of polymer. Chromium masks offer facile and controllable processing and rapid exposure times. Surface
waveguides can be covered with an index matched cladding substrate on top to get buried light guiding. The end faces
and also the over all thickness of about 1 mm of the component packages gives the possibility for a stable coupling
between fiber arrays and planar waveguide substrates.
The paper describes the results of a single mode field analysis and the experimental adjustment of polymer waveguides
for wavelengths within the visible range of light to achieve low coupling losses. Some different manufacturing process
steps are compared depending on the used polymer material. A comparison between the measured waveguides and fiber
mode near field diameters and the nominal calculated numerical apertures are presented. The different insertion loss is
measured and illustrated as well.
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Uwe Hollenbach, Hans-Jürgen Boehm, Jürgen Mohr, K. Pfeiffer, "Single mode field analysis and adjustment on polymer waveguides understanding the reasons for coupling losses," Proc. SPIE 6992, Micro-Optics 2008, 69920Y (15 May 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.782076