Jay Bookbinder,1 Randall Smith,2,3 Anne Hornschemeier,2 Michael Garcia,1 Nicholas White,2 Harvey Tananbaum,1 Robert Petre,2 Suzanne Romaine,1 Paul Reid1
1Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (United States) 2X-ray Astrophysics Lab., NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (United States) 3Johns Hopkins Univ. (United States)
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The Constellation-X Observatory is currently planned as NASA's next major X-ray observatory to be launched towards
the end of the next decade. The driving science goals for the mission are to: 1) Trace the evolution of Black Holes with
cosmic time and determine their contribution to the energy output of the Universe; 2) Observe matter spiraling into
Black Holes to test the predictions of General Relativity; 3) Use galaxy clusters to trace the locations of Dark Matter and
follow the formation of structure as a function of distance; 4) Search for the missing baryonic matter; 5) Directly observe
the dynamics of Cosmic Feedback to test models for galaxy formation; 6) Observe the creation and dispersion of the
elements in supernovae; and 7) Precisely constrain the equation of state of neutron stars. To achieve these science goals
requires high resolution (R > 1250) X-ray spectroscopy with 100 times the throughput of the Chandra and XMMNewton.
The Constellation-X Observatory will achieve this requirement with a combination of four large X-ray
telescopes on a single satellite operating in the 0.25 to 10 keV range. These telescopes will feed X-ray micro-calorimeter
arrays and grating spectrometers. A hard X-ray telescope system will provide coverage up to at least 40 keV. We
describe the mission science drivers and the mission implementation approach.
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Jay Bookbinder, Randall Smith, Anne Hornschemeier, Michael Garcia, Nicholas White, Harvey Tananbaum, Robert Petre, Suzanne Romaine, Paul Reid, "The Constellation-X Observatory," Proc. SPIE 7011, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2008: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 701102 (16 July 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.796906