Accurate phase measurements for thick spherical objects using optical quadrature microscopy

William C. Warger II; Charles A. DiMarzio

doi:10.1117/12.809545

3 March 2009 Accurate phase measurements for thick spherical objects using optical quadrature microscopy

William C. Warger II, Charles A. DiMarzio

Proceedings Volume 7184, Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XVI; 71840G (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.809545
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2009, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

In vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures have resulted in the birth of over three million babies since 1978. Yet the live birth rate in the United States was only 34% in 2005, with 32% of the successful pregnancies resulting in multiple births. These multiple pregnancies were directly attributed to the transfer of multiple embryos to increase the probability that a single, healthy embryo was included. Current viability markers used for IVF, such as the cell number, symmetry, size, and fragmentation, are analyzed qualitatively with differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. However, this method is not ideal for quantitative measures beyond the 8-cell stage of development because the cells overlap and obstruct the view within and below the cluster of cells. We have developed the phase-subtraction cell-counting method that uses the combination of DIC and optical quadrature microscopy (OQM) to count the number of cells accurately in live mouse embryos beyond the 8-cell stage. We have also created a preliminary analysis to measure the cell symmetry, size, and fragmentation quantitatively by analyzing the relative dry mass from the OQM image in conjunction with the phase-subtraction count. In this paper, we will discuss the characterization of OQM with respect to measuring the phase accurately for spherical samples that are much larger than the depth of field. Once fully characterized and verified with human embryos, this methodology could provide the means for a more accurate method to score embryo viability.

Citation Download Citation

William C. Warger II and Charles A. DiMarzio "Accurate phase measurements for thick spherical objects using optical quadrature microscopy", Proc. SPIE 7184, Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XVI, 71840G (3 March 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.809545

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KEYWORDS

Ray tracing

Refractive index

Polymethylmethacrylate

Phase measurement

Microscopy

Optical spheres

Spherical lenses

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