Probing the transient fate of C-N bonding in hydrazine-treated carbon nanotubes by synchrotron photoelectron spectroscopy

Pen-Cheng Wang; Yu-Chun Liao; Li-Hung Liu; Yu-Ling Lai; Ying-Chang Lin; Ching-Yuan Su; Yao-Jane Hsu

doi:10.1117/12.2026163

11 September 2013 Probing the transient fate of C-N bonding in hydrazine-treated carbon nanotubes by synchrotron photoelectron spectroscopy

Pen-Cheng Wang, Yu-Chun Liao, Li-Hung Liu, Yu-Ling Lai, Ying-Chang Lin, Ching-Yuan Su, Yao-Jane Hsu

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 8811, Physical Chemistry of Interfaces and Nanomaterials XII; 88110J (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026163
Event: SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, 2013, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

The properties of hydrazine-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated by synchrotron photoelectron spectroscopy. The surfactant-free CNTs used in this study were synthesized by alcohol catalytic chemical vapor deposition. When the CNTs subject to the vapor-phase hydrazine treatment and the 80° C-baking treatment were probed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), the results showed (i) damaged π-bonding and (ii) the shift of the CNTs’ Fermi level toward the conduction band. A further 350° C-baking treatment on the hydrazine-treated CNTs could restore the damaged π-bonding and cause the CNTs’ Fermi level to shift back toward the valence band. The results obtained from UPS indicated that the above interaction between hydrazine and CNTs was a thermally metastable chemical adsorption. When the CNTs subject to the vapor-phase hydrazine treatment and the 80° C-baking treatment were probed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the results showed a significant increase in the spectral intensity of the signal corresponding to C-N bonding in the XPS profile. A further 350° C-baking treatment on the hydrazine-treated CNTs could essentially eliminate the spectral intensity of the signal corresponding to C-N bonding in the XPS profile. Our experimental results show that the transient fate of the thermally metastable C-N bonding is associated with the nitrogenous radicals, such as nitrene and amidogen, thermally decomposed from hydrazine. The chemical association of nitrogenous radicals with CNTs generates metastable amino/aziridino derivatization on the surface of CNTs, which will disrupt the continuum of CNTs' graphitic domains. Upon further baking, the disruptive functionalization can be eliminated to restore the graphitic sp²-carbon bonding structure.

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Pen-Cheng Wang, Yu-Chun Liao, Li-Hung Liu, Yu-Ling Lai, Ying-Chang Lin, Ching-Yuan Su, and Yao-Jane Hsu "Probing the transient fate of C-N bonding in hydrazine-treated carbon nanotubes by synchrotron photoelectron spectroscopy", Proc. SPIE 8811, Physical Chemistry of Interfaces and Nanomaterials XII, 88110J (11 September 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026163

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