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26 September 2013Enhancement of nonlinear phase shift for format conversion in silicon waveguides
Different modulation formats may be required in different optical communication networks. Format conversion from
intensity format to phase format is necessary to ensure the functions between long-haul transmission networks and
metropolitan area networks. Cross-phase modulation (XPM) in silicon waveguides provides a promising way to realize
all-optical integrated format conversion since a nonlinear phase shift is induced to the probe by the incident signal power.
An on-off keying (OOK) signal can be converted to differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signal if nonlinear phase
shift of π is achieved. We numerically investigate the nonlinear phase shift caused by XPM in silicon waveguides by
considering the influences of the walk-off effect, group-velocity dispersion, and nonlinear losses including two-photon
absorption (TPA) and free-carrier absorption (FCA). The nonlinear phase shift is tried to be enhanced through
waveguide design and wavelength management. The walk-off effect can be minimized by carefully choosing the zero
dispersion wavelength of the used silicon waveguide and setting the signal and probe wavelengths symmetrically. Low
and flat dispersion is beneficial to acquiring a large nonlinear phase shift. TPA and FCA will greatly reduce the
nonlinear phase shift obtained from XPM and they should be effectively suppressed in order to realize high-quality
format conversion.
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Ping Zhou, Shiming Gao, Xibin Li, Kai Hu, "Enhancement of nonlinear phase shift for format conversion in silicon waveguides," Proc. SPIE 8855, Optics and Photonics for Information Processing VII, 88550T (26 September 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2023248