Enhancing carrier injection in the active region of a 280nm emission wavelength LED using graded hole and electron blocking layers

Bilal Janjua; Tien K. Ng; Ahmed Y. Alyamani; Munir M. El-Desouki; Boon S. Ooi

doi:10.1117/12.2039347

27 February 2014 Enhancing carrier injection in the active region of a 280nm emission wavelength LED using graded hole and electron blocking layers

Bilal Janjua, Tien K. Ng, Ahmed Y. Alyamani, Munir M. El-Desouki, Boon S. Ooi

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9003, Light-Emitting Diodes: Materials, Devices, and Applications for Solid State Lighting XVIII; 90030S (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2039347
Event: SPIE OPTO, 2014, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

A theoretical investigation of AlGaN UV-LED with band engineering of hole and electron blocking layers (HBL and EBL, respectively) was conducted with an aim to improve injection efficiency and reduce efficiency droop in the UV LEDs. The analysis is based on energy band diagrams, carrier distribution and recombination rates (Shockley-Reed-Hall, Auger, and radiative recombination rates) in the quantum well, under equilibrium and forward bias conditions. Electron blocking layer is based on Al_aGa_1-aN / Al_{b → c}Ga_{1-b → 1-c}N / Al_dGa_1-dN, where a < d < b < c. A graded layer sandwiched between large bandgap AlGaN materials was found to be effective in simultaneously blocking electrons and providing polarization field enhanced carrier injection. The graded interlayer reduces polarization induced band bending and mitigates the related drawback of impediment of holes injection. Similarly on the n-side, the Al_{x → y}Ga_{1-x → 1-y}N / Al_zGa_1-zN (x < z < y) barrier acts as a hole blocking layer. The reduced carrier leakage and enhanced carrier density in the active region results in significant improvement in radiative recombination rate compared to a structure with the conventional rectangular EBL layers. The improvement in device performance comes from meticulously designing the hole and electron blocking layers to increase carrier injection efficiency. The quantum well based UV-LED was designed to emit at 280nm, which is an effective wavelength for water disinfection application.

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Bilal Janjua, Tien K. Ng, Ahmed Y. Alyamani, Munir M. El-Desouki, and Boon S. Ooi "Enhancing carrier injection in the active region of a 280nm emission wavelength LED using graded hole and electron blocking layers", Proc. SPIE 9003, Light-Emitting Diodes: Materials, Devices, and Applications for Solid State Lighting XVIII, 90030S (27 February 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2039347

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KEYWORDS

Electron beam lithography

Quantum wells

Polarization

Aluminum

Light emitting diodes

Aluminum nitride

Gallium

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