Optical carrier-based microwave interferometers for sensing application

Jie Huang; Xinwei Lan; Hanzheng Wang; Lei Yuan; Hai Xiao

doi:10.1117/12.2050482

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18 June 2014 Optical carrier-based microwave interferometers for sensing application

Jie Huang, Xinwei Lan, Hanzheng Wang, Lei Yuan, Hai Xiao

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Proceedings Volume 9098, Fiber Optic Sensors and Applications XI; 90980H (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2050482
Event: SPIE Sensing Technology + Applications, 2014, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Abstract

Optical fiber interferometers (OFIs) have been extensively utilized for precise measurements of various physical/chemical quantities (e.g., temperature, strain, pressure, rotation, refractive index, etc.). However, the random change of polarization states along the optical fibers and the strong dependence on the materials and geometries of the optical waveguides are problematic for acquiring high quality interference signal. Meanwhile, difficulty in multiplexing has always been a bottleneck on the application scopes of OFIs. Here, we present a sensing concept of optical carrier based microwave interferometry (OCMI) by reading optical interferometric sensors in microwave domain. It combines the advantages from both optics and microwave. The low oscillation frequency of the microwave can hardly distinguish the optical differences from both modal and polarization dispersion making it insensitive to the optical waveguides/materials. The phase information of the microwave can be unambiguitly resolved so that it has potential in fully distributed sensing. The OCMI concept has been implemented in different types of interferometers (i.e., Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, Fabry-Perot) among different optical waveguides (i.e., singlemode, multimode, and sapphire fibers) with excellent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low polarization dependence. A spatially continuous distributed strain sensing has been demonstrated.

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Jie Huang, Xinwei Lan, Hanzheng Wang, Lei Yuan, and Hai Xiao "Optical carrier-based microwave interferometers for sensing application", Proc. SPIE 9098, Fiber Optic Sensors and Applications XI, 90980H (18 June 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2050482

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