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The papers included in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. The papers published in these proceedings reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from this book: Author(s), “Title of Paper,” in Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies VII, edited by Mark A. Druy, Richard A. Crocombe, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 9101 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2014) Article CID Number. ISSN: 0277-786X ISBN: 9781628410389 Published by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington 98227-0010 USA Telephone +1 360 676 3290 (Pacific Time) · Fax +1 360 647 1445 Copyright © 2014, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by SPIE subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is 0277-786X/14/$18.00. Printed in the United States of America. Publication of record for individual papers is online in the SPIE Digital Library.
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IntroductionThe past twenty-five years have seen a massive investment in photonics, electronics and MEMS, aimed at developing new telecommunications capabilities and innovative consumer products. This has led to advances in miniature optics, light sources, tunable filters, array detectors, fiber optic sensors, and a range of other photonic devices, across the whole electromagnetic spectrum, along with technologies for their mass production. Similarly, in recent years, there have been remarkable developments in handheld consumer electronics, especially cell phones and portable audio/video players. Today’s devices contain advances in RF technology, processors, operating systems, user interfaces, memory, Bluetooth, WiFi, GPS, cameras, accelerometers, etc. These technologies are increasingly being exploited in new spectroscopic instruments, and are now poised to be the basis of next-generation handheld scientific instruments. Portable and handheld instruments are being developed that are more targeted at specific applications than their laboratory predecessors. They may have performance (measured as resolution, spectroscopic range, signal-to-noise, etc.) that is ‘good enough’ for field screening applications. However, they are often more selective, smaller, cheaper, and more robust. Concurrent improvements in analytical theory, data analysis methods, algorithms and the power of portable processors enable these spectroscopic devices to give specific actionable answers to their non-specialist operators. Spectroscopy-based systems are now making critical judgments in environments and applications that were unreachable twenty years ago, from hazardous materials to the operating theater, and from field geologists to customs and border personnel. Advances in array detectors (CCD, CID, InGaAs, InSb, MCT, CMOS, etc.) are enabling a new generation of faster imaging spectrometers, with both laboratory and field applications. Lower-cost infrared arrays have been developed, employing MEMS techniques. New laser sources, particularly in the mid-infrared, are being used in combination with advances in detector technology to create new spectroscopic platforms. The emphasis in this conference is on advanced technologies for spectroscopic instrumentation, particularly the infrared, near-infrared, and Raman molecular techniques, but also including advances enabling miniature and portable spectrometers across the electromagnetic spectrum, including x-ray fluorescence, laser induced fluorescence, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), Terahertz, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The conference also includes papers describing breakthrough and novel, recently-introduced, commercial instrumentation. For instance, the past year has seen the first true-handheld commercial LIBS instruments, the first true-handheld commercial mass spectrometer and the first QCL-based infrared microscope spectrometer. This conference premiered at Optics East 2007 in Boston, MA and is now part of the Sensing Technology and Applications Symposium. In 2014, the conference spanned two days, and was divided into sessions focusing on: Novel Spectrometer Technologies; Laser Spectroscopy and LIBS: Technologies and Applications; Novel or Portable Infrared and Raman Spectrometers and Innovations in Imaging Spectrometers. In all, 39 papers were presented, and we present 32 in this volume. Mark A. Druy Richard A. Crocombe |
