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This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 9166, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Invited Panel Discussion, and Conference Committee listing.
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Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are attractive natural occurring vehicles for drug
delivery and targeting to cancer tissues. The capacity of both types of the lipoproteins to bind hydrophobic drugs and
their functionality as drug carriers have been examined in several studies and it has been also shown that mixing of
anticancer drugs with LDL or HDL before administration led to an increase of cytotoxic effects of the drugs in the
comparison when the drugs were administered alone. However, a difficult isolation of the lipoproteins in large quantity
from a biological organism as well as a variability of the composition and size of these molecules makes practical
application of LDL and HDL as drug delivery systems quite complicated. Synthetic LDL and HDL and large unilamellar
vesicles (LUV) are potentially suitable candidates to substitute the native lipoproteins for targeted and effective drug
delivery. In this work, we have studied process of an association of potent photosensitizer hypericin (Hyp) with synthetic
lipid-based nano-particles (sLNP) and large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) containing various amount of cholesterol.
Cholesterol is one of the main components of both LDL and HDL particles and its presence in biological membranes is
known to be a determining factor for membrane properties. It was found that the behavior of Hyp incorporation into
sLNP particles with diameter ca ~ 90 nm is qualitatively very similar to that of Hyp incorporation into LDL (diameter ca.
22 nm) and these particles are able to enter U-87 MG cells by endocytosis. The presence of cholesterol in LUV
influences the capacity of these vesicles to incorporate Hyp into their structure.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, particularly in regions
where chronic Hepatitis B and C infections are common. Nanoparticle assemblies that incorporate high-affinity aptamers
which specifically bind malignant hepatocellular carcinoma cells could be useful for targeted drug delivery or enhancing
contrast with existing ablation therapies. The in vitro interactions of a tumor-specific aptamer, TLS11a, were
characterized in a hepatoma cell line via live-cell fluorescence imaging, SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting techniques.
Cell surface binding of the aptamer-AlexaFluor®546 conjugate was found to occur within 20 minutes of initial exposure,
followed by internalization and localization to late endosomes or lysosomes using a pH-sensitive LysoSensor™ Green
dye and confocal microscopy. Aptamer-functionalized polymer nanoparticles containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
(PLGA) and poly(lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) were then prepared by nanoprecipitation and passively
loaded with the chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin, yielding spherical nanoparticles approximately 50 nm in diameter.
Targeted drug delivery and cytotoxicity was assessed using live/dead fluorescent dyes and a MTT colorimetric viability
assay with elevated levels of cell death found in cultures treated with either the aptamer-coated and uncoated polymer
nanoparticles. Identification and characterization of the cell surface protein epitope(s) recognized by the TLS11a
aptamer are ongoing along with nanoparticle optimization, but these preliminary studies support continued investigation
of this aptamer and functionalized nanoparticle conjugates for targeted labeling and drug delivery within malignant
hepatocellular carcinomas.
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Background: Treatment of metastatic cancer remains a formidable clinical challenge. Better therapeutic options with
improved tissue penetration and tumor cell uptake are urgently needed. Targeted nanotherapy, for improved delivery,
and combinatory drug administration aimed at inhibiting chemo-resistance may be the solution.
Purpose: The study was performed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of polymeric PEG-PE micelles, co-loaded with
curcumin (CUR) and doxorubicin (DOX), and targeted with anti-GLUT1 antibody (GLUT1) against MDA-MB-231
human breast adenocarcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo.
Methods: MDA-MB-231 DOX-resistant cells were treated with non-targeted and GLUT1-targeted CUR and DOX
micelles as a single agent or in combination. Tumor cells were also inoculated in female nude mice. Established tumors
were treated with the micellar formulations at a dose of 6 mg/kg CUR and 1 mg/kg DOX every 2 d for a total of 7
injections.
Results: CUR+DOX-loaded micelles decorated with GLUT1 had a robust killing effect even at low doses of DOX in
vitro. At the doses chosen, non-targeted CUR and CUR+DOX micelles did not exhibit significant tumor inhibition
versus control. However, GLUT1-CUR and GLUT1-CUR+DOX micelles showed a significant tumor inhibition effect
with an improvement in survival.
Conclusion: We showed a dramatic improvement in efficacy between the non-targeted and GLUT1-targeted
formulations both in vitro and in vivo. Also, importantly, the addition of CUR to the micelle, has restored sensitivity to
DOX, with resultant tumor growth inhibition. Hence, we confirmed that GLUT1-CUR+DOX micelles are effective in
vitro and in vivo and deserve further investigation.
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A theranostic nanoparticle system was developed by integrating a chemotherapeutic agent with an “activatable”
fluorescent tracer. The system signals tumor death by monitoring the activity of caspase-3, a product of apoptosis, and
can therefore screen the treatment sensitivity of a particular tumor.
The polymer nanoparticles (Poly [isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride]) were formed through reprecipitation and contained
paclitaxel, a chemotherapy drug, and fluorescein isothiocyanate, a fluorescent dye. The dye’s fluorescence was quenched
through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) by a quencher that was connected to the dye by a peptide chain. With
sizes ranging from 200-250 nm, the nanoparticles were stable for two weeks.
The nanoparticles were tested in vitro with responsive Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells and taxane-resistant cells.
Upon cell death by paclitaxel exposure, caspase-3 cleaved the peptide chain connecting the dye and the quencher,
causing the system to fluoresce. When LLC cells were treated with the system, the nanoreporters fluoresced, but when
resistant cells were tested, and when the drug was removed from the system, the nanoreporters did not fluoresce.
Since the system screens if a drug can successfully kill a particular tumor, it offers a novel and promising approach to
personalized medicine.
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A new technique is introduced to perform optoporation and transfection of living cells using a laser and nanotechnology. Irradiating plasmonics nanostructures by an ultrafast laser beam produces highly localised processes on the nanoscale in the biological surrounding medium, yielding to the optoporation of the cell membrane.. These nanoparticles could be functionalised to target specific biological entities, thus performing multiple targeted processes on the nanoscale. . We are able to perform gene transfection in living cell with an optoporation efficiency as high as 70%. Complete physical model was developed to determine the basic mechanism underlying this new process. Our laser technology shows promises as an innovative tool for fundamental research in biology and medicine as well as an efficient alternative nanosurgery technology that could be adapted to therapeutic tools in the clinic.
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For nanomaterials to realize their full potential in disease diagnosis and drug delivery applications, one must be able to
exert fine control over their cellular delivery, localization and long-term fate in biological systems. Our laboratory has
been active in developing methodologies for the controlled and site-specific delivery of a range of nanomaterials (e.g.,
quantum dots, colloidal gold, nematic liquid crystals) for cellular labeling, imaging and sensing. This talk will highlight
several examples from these efforts and will demonstrate the use of peptide- and protein-mediated facilitated delivery of
nanomaterials to discrete cellular locations including the endocytic pathway, the plasma membrane and the cellular
cytosol. The implications of the ability to exert fine control over nanomaterial constructs in biological settings will be
discussed with a particular focus on their use in nanoparticle-based theranostics.
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We present our study on compact, label-free dissolved lipid sensing by combining capillary electrophoresis
separation in a PDMS microfluidic chip online with mid-infrared (MIR) absorption spectroscopy for biomarker
detection. On-chip capillary electrophoresis is used to separate the biomarkers without introducing any extrinsic
contrast agent, which reduces both cost and complexity. The label free biomarker detection could be done by
interrogating separated biomarkers in the channel by MIR absorption spectroscopy. Phospholipids biomarkers of
degenerative neurological, kidney, and bone diseases are detectable using this label free technique. These
phospholipids exhibit strong absorption resonances in the MIR and are present in biofluids including urine, blood
plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid. MIR spectroscopy of a 12-carbon chain phosphatidic acid (PA) (1,2-dilauroyl-snglycero-
3-phosphate (sodium salt)) dissolved in N-methylformamide, exhibits a strong amide peak near
wavenumber 1660 cm-1 (wavelength 6 μm), arising from the phosphate headgroup vibrations within a low-loss
window of the solvent. PA has a similar structure to many important phospholipids molecules like
phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG),
and phosphatidylserine (PS), making it an ideal molecule for initial proof-of-concept studies. This newly proposed
detection technique can lead us to minimal sample preparation and is capable of identifying several biomarkers from
the same sample simultaneously.
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My research focuses on the use of computation/algorithms to create new optical microscopy, sensing, and diagnostic techniques, significantly improving existing tools for probing micro- and nano-objects while also simplifying the designs of these analysis tools. In this presentation, I will introduce a new set of computational microscopes which use lens-free on-chip imaging to replace traditional lenses with holographic reconstruction algorithms. Basically, 3D images of specimens are reconstructed from their “shadows” providing considerably improved field-of-view (FOV) and depth-of-field, thus enabling large sample volumes to be rapidly imaged, even at nanoscale. These new computational microscopes routinely generate <1–2 billion pixels (giga-pixels), where even single viruses can be detected with a FOV that is <100 fold wider than other techniques. At the heart of this leapfrog performance lie self-assembled liquid nano-lenses that are computationally imaged on a chip. These self-assembled nano-lenses are stable for <1 hour at room temperature, and are composed of a biocompatible buffer that prevents nano-particle aggregation while also acting as a spatial “phase mask.” The field-of-view of these computational microscopes is equal to the active-area of the sensor-array, easily reaching, for example, <20 mm2 or <10 cm2 by employing state-of-the-art CMOS or CCD imaging chips, respectively.
In addition to this remarkable increase in throughput, another major benefit of this technology is that it lends itself to field-portable and cost-effective designs which easily integrate with smartphones to conduct giga-pixel tele-pathology and microscopy even in resource-poor and remote settings where traditional techniques are difficult to implement and sustain, thus opening the door to various telemedicine applications in global health. Some other examples of these smartphone-based biomedical tools that I will describe include imaging flow cytometers, immunochromatographic diagnostic test readers, bacteria/pathogen sensors, blood analyzers for complete blood count, and allergen detectors. Through the development of similar computational imagers, I will also report the discovery of new 3D swimming patterns observed in human and animal sperm. One of this newly discovered and extremely rare motion is in the form of “chiral ribbons” where the planar swings of the sperm head occur on an osculating plane creating in some cases a helical ribbon and in some others a twisted ribbon. Shedding light onto the statistics and biophysics of various micro-swimmers’ 3D motion, these results provide an important example of how biomedical imaging significantly benefits from emerging computational algorithms/theories, revolutionizing existing tools for observing various micro- and nano-scale phenomena in innovative, high-throughput, and yet cost-effective ways.
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Opto-electronic coupling of plasmonic nano-antennas in the near infrared water window in vitro and in vivo is of
growing interest for imaging contrast agents, spectroscopic labels and rulers, biosensing, drug-delivery, and optoplasmonic
ablation. Metamaterials composed of nanoplasmonic meta-atoms offer improved figures of merit in many
applications across a broader spectral window. Discrete and coupled dipole approximations effectively describe
localized and coupled resonance modes in nanoplasmonic metamaterials. From numeric and experimental results have
emerged four design principles to guide fabrication and implementation of metamaterials in bio-related devices and
systems. Resonance intensity and sensitivity are enhanced by surface-to-mass of meta-atoms and lattice constant. Fano
resonant coupling is dependent on meta-atom polarizability and lattice geometry. Internal reflection in plasmonic metaatom-
containing polymer films enhances dissipation rate. Dimensions of self-assembled meta-atoms depend on
balancing electrochemical and surface forces. Examples of these principles from our lab compare computation with
images and spectra from ordered metal-ceramic and polymeric nanocomposite metamaterials for bio/opto theranostic
applications. These principles speed design and description of new architectures for nanoplasmonic metamaterials that
show promise for bioapplications.
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Silicon photonics biosensors continue to be an area of active research, showing the potential to revolutionize Labon-
Chip applications ranging from environmental monitoring to medical diagnostics. As near-infrared light
propagates through nano-scale silicon wires on an SOI chip, a portion of the light resides outside the waveguide
and interacts with biomolecules and the biological matrix on the waveguide’s surface. This capability makes silicon
photonics an ideal platform for label-free biosensing. Additionally, the SOI platform is compatible with standard
CMOS fabrication processes, facilitating manufacturing at the economies of scale offered by today’s foundries. In
this paper, we describe our efforts to improve the performance of SOI-based biosensors—specifically, TE and TM
mode microring resonators, thin waveguide resonators, sub-wavelength grating resonators, as well as strip and slot
Bragg gratings. We compare device performance in terms of sensitivity, intrinsic limit of detection, and their
potential for biosensing applications in Lab-on-Chip systems.
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Mario Malerba, Michele Dipalo, Gabriele C. Messina, Hayder Amin, Rosanna La Rocca, Victoria Shalabaeva, Alessandro Simi, Alessandro Maccione, Luca Berdondini, et al.
We propose the development of an innovative plasmonic-electronic multifunctional platform, capable at the same time
of performing chemical analysis and electronic recordings from a cellular interface. The system, based on 3D hollow
metallic nanotubes, integrated on customized multi-electrode-arrays, allows the study of neuronal signaling over
different lengths, spanning from the molecular, to the cellular, to the network scale. Here we show that the same
structures are efficient electric field enhancers, despite the continuous metal layer at the base, which connects them to
the electric components of the integrated circuits. The methodology we propose, due to its simplicity and high
throughput, has the potential for further improvements both in the field of plasmonics, and in the integration on large
areas of commercial active electronic devices.
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The whispering gallery mode (WGM) biosensor is a micro-optical platform capable of sensitive label-free detection of
biological particles. Described by the reactive sensing principle (RSP), this analytic formulation quantifies the response
of the system to the adsorption of bioparticles. Guided by the RSP, the WGM biosensor enabling from detection of virus
(e.g., Human Papillomavirus, HPV) to the ultimate goal of single protein detection. The latter was derived from insights
into the RSP, which resulted in the development of a hybrid plasmonic WGM biosensor, which has recently
demonstrated detection of individual protein cancer markers. Enhancements from bound gold nanoparticles provide the
sensitivity to detect single protein molecules (66 kDa) with good signal-to-noise (S/N > 10), and project that detection of
proteins as small as 5 kDa.
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The Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems, Branch Materials Diagnostics (IKTS-MD) covers also some fields of biosensing and nanotechnology, from basic research towards applications. This talk will especially address optically based methods for sensing applications: starting from analysis of the fractal dimension of time-resolved auto-fluorescence spectroscopy, to time-resolved luminescence measurements on upconversion phosphors for electron beam monitoring and last a refractive index sensing with a CCD chip technology based on localized SPR sensing. For all discussed methods the possible application will be discussed on examples of demonstrators in the fields of cancer diagnostics, medical surface sterilization process and biosensing.
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With the development of a point of care (POC) biosensor in mind, a polymer-molding prism with double parabolic
surfaces is invented and developed to implement an ultra-compact SPR biosensor with extremely high sensitivity. The
polymer molded parabolic prism is cost effective and disposable, thus cross contamination between biological samples
can be avoided. A highly sensitive biosensor with a form factor less than 15cm*15cm*5cm was received with a tunable
excitation angle of light beam for a large dynamic range. A highly sensitive optical phase interrogation was
demonstrated. The biosensor is also compatible to a modern microscopy platform.
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Cytokine secretion assays provide the means to quantify intercellular-signaling proteins secreted by blood immune cells.
These assays allow researchers and clinicians to obtain valuable information on the immune status of the donor.
Previous studies have demonstrated that localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects enable label-free, real-time
biosensing on a nanostructured metallic surface with simple optics and sensing tunability. However, limited sensitivity
coupled with a lack of sample handling capability makes it challenging to implement LSPR biosensing in cellular
functional immunoanalysis based on cytokine secretion assay. This paper describes our recent progress towards full
development of a label-free LSPR biosensing technique to detect cell-secreted tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α cytokines
in clinical blood samples. We integrate LSPR bionanosensors in an optofluidic platform capable of handling target
immune cells in a microfluidic chamber while readily permitting optical access for cytokine detection.
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Most traditional biological assays are based on ensemble measurements on cells. Due to lack of the detection
sensitivity and efficiency in sample preparation, analyzing proteins in single cells have been challenging.
Here we describe an assay-on-a-tip platform, and demonstrate an in situ, label-free technique to detect
proteins inside single cells.
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Gold made materials undergo fascinating changes in physicochemical properties when their size is reduced to nanoscale. This phenomenon has been observed as long as some thousands years ago with many famous examples such as the Roman Lycurgus cup from AD400 that makes nanotechnology an ancient filed of human endeavors. Nowadays, we are studying fundamental properties of gold nanoparticles and their interactions with biological environment with the ultimate goal to harness the nanoscale material properties for improved imaging and therapy of devastating diseases such as cancer.
In this talk, I will discuss three interconnected areas of research that are involved in development of plasmonic nanosensors for biomedical applications: (1) synthesis of biocompatible molecular specific gold nanoparticles; (2) studies of mechanisms of nanoparticle interactions with cells and tissues to enable molecular-specific imaging and therapy; and (3) optimization of nanoparticles for clinical translation.
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Noble metal nanoparticles have large cross-sections in both optical and electron microscopy and plasmon coupling
between noble metal nanoparticles facilitate the characterization of subdiffraction limit separations through spectral
analysis of the scattered light in Plasmon Coupling Microscopy (PCM). The size compatibility of noble metal
nanoparticles together with the ability to encode specific functionality in a rational fashion by control of the nanoparticle
surface makes noble metal nanoparticles unique probes for a broad range of biological processes. Recent applications of
the technology include i.) characterization of cellular heterogeneity in nanomaterial uptake and processing through
macrophages, ii.) testing the role of viral membrane lipids in mediating viral binding and trafficking, and iii.)
characterizing the spatial organization of cancer biomarkers in plasma membranes. This paper reviews some of these
applications and introduces the physical and material science principles underlying them. We will also introduce the use
of membrane wrapped noble metal nanoparticles, which combine the superb photophysical properties of a nanoparticle
core with the biological functionality of a membrane, as probes in PCM.
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The compatibilization provided by maleic anhydride (MA) and 2-[2-(dimethylamino)-ethoxy] ethanol (DMAE)
functionalized polyethylene for forming polyethylene-based nanocomposites was studied and compared. MA was
grafted into PE by melt mixing to obtain PEgMA (compatibilizer 1), thereafter, PEgMA was reacted with DMAE and an
antioxidant also by melt mixing to obtain PAgDMAE (compatibilizer 2). These compatibilizers were reacted using
ultrasound with a solution of AgNO3 0.04 M and Ethylene glycol. Ammonium hydroxide was added in a ratio of 2:1
molar with respect to silver nitrate. These silver coated compatibilizers were mixed with PE and nano-clay (Cloisite
I28E), thus forming the different hybrid PE-clay-silver nanocomposites. FTIR confirmed the formation of these two
compatibilizers. All the compatibilized nanocomposites had better filler (clay and silver) dispersion and exfoliation
compared to the uncompatibilized PE nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction, mechanical and antimicrobial properties
attained showed that the PEgDMAE produced the better dispersed PE, clay and silver nanocomposites. The obtained
nanocomposites showed outstanding antimicrobial properties against bacteria, Escherichia coli and fungus, Aspergillus
niger. It is concluded that the PEgDMAE offers an outstanding capability for preparing nanocomposites with highly
exfoliated and dispersed filler into the PE matrix.
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CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) can be joined in the reductive pathway involving the electron transfer to an
acceptor or in the oxidative pathway involving the hole transfer to a donor. They were exploited in the oxidation
reactions of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and glutamate (GLU) for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
such as hydroxyl radical (HO●) and superoxide anion (O2● ─). Fast and highly efficient oxidation reactions of ALA to
produce HO● and of GLU to produce O2
●─ were observed in the cooperation of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-capped
CdSe/ZnS QDs under LED irradiation. Fluorescence spectroscopy and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy were
used to evaluate the generation of different forms of ROS. Confocal fluorescent microscopic images of the size and
morphology of HeLa cells confirmed the ROS generation from ALA or GLU in cooperation with CdSe/ZnS QDs under
LED irradiation.
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The compatibility between coumarin-derived dendrimer (CdD)-captured silica particles (SiCdDs) and watersoluble
CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) in the FRET process improved the excited state of QDs in the reaction of singlet
oxygen production under LED irradiation. Sol-gel GA was successfully used to improve the binding between SiCdDs
and QDs. Singlet oxygen production using QDs coated with SiCdDs through sol-gel GA was enhanced by about 80 %
compared to that achieved using QDs only. The single oxygen produced by the QDs, the QDs/GA-SiCdDs complexes
and the SiCdDs/GA-QDs complexes in this study could be used in the treatment of HeLa cells.
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The results of optical modeling of biological tissues polycrystalline multilayer networks have been presented.
Algorithms of reconstruction of parameter distributions were determined that describe the linear and circular
birefringence. For the separation of the manifestations of these mechanisms we propose a method of space-frequency
filtering. Criteria for differentiation of benign and malignant tissues of the women reproductive sphere were found.
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The theoretical background of azimuthally stable method Jones matrix mapping of histological sections of biopsy
of uterine neck on the basis of spatial-frequency selection of the mechanisms of linear and circular birefringence is
presented. The comparative results of measuring the coordinate distributions of complex degree of mutual anisotropy
formed by fibrillar networks of myosin and collagen fibrils of uterine neck tissue of different pathological states - precancer
(dysplasia) and cancer (adenocarcinoma) are shown. The values and ranges of change of the statistical (moments
of the 1st - 4th order) parameters of complex degree of mutual anisotropy coordinate distributions are studied. The
objective criteria of diagnostics of the pathology and differentiation of its severity degree are determined.
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A new information optical technique of diagnostics of the structure of polycrystalline films of blood plasma is
proposed. The model of Mueller-matrix description of mechanisms of optical anisotropy of such objects as optical
activity, birefringence, as well as linear and circular dichroism is suggested. The ensemble of informationally topical
azimuthally stable Mueller-matrix invariants is determined. Within the statistical analysis of such parameters
distributions the objective criteria of differentiation of films of blood plasma taken from healthy women and breast
cancer patients were determined. From the point of view of probative medicine the operational characteristics
(sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) of the information-optical method of Mueller-matrix mapping of polycrystalline
films of blood plasma were found and its efficiency in diagnostics of breast cancer was demonstrated. Considered the
prospects of applying the method in experimental medicine for differentiation of tissues of internal organs of healthy and
diabetic rats.
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The work consists of investigation results of diagnostic efficiency of a new azimuthally stable Mueller-matrix
method of analysis of laser autofluorescence coordinate distributions of biological tissues histological sections. A new
model of generalized optical anisotropy of biological tissues protein networks is proposed in order to define the
processes of laser autofluorescence. The influence of complex mechanisms of both phase anisotropy (linear
birefringence and optical activity) and linear (circular) dichroism is taken into account. The interconnections between the
azimuthally stable Mueller-matrix elements characterizing laser autofluorescence and different mechanisms of optical
anisotropy are determined. The statistic analysis of coordinate distributions of such Mueller-matrix rotation invariants is
proposed. Thereupon the quantitative criteria (statistic moments of the 1st to the 4th order) of differentiation of
histological sections of uterus wall tumor – group 1 (dysplasia) and group 2 (adenocarcinoma) are estimated.
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This research presents the results of investigation of laser polarization fluorescence of biological layers
(histological sections of the myocardium). The polarized structure of autofluorescence imaging layers of biological
tissues was detected and investigated. Proposed the model of describing the formation of polarization inhomogeneous of
autofluorescence imaging biological optically anisotropic layers. On this basis, analytically and experimentally tested to
justify the method of laser polarimetry autofluorescent. Analyzed the effectiveness of this method in the postmortem
diagnosis of infarction. The objective criteria (statistical moments) of differentiation of autofluorescent images of
histological sections myocardium were defined. The operational characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy) of
these technique were determined.
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A new information optical technique of diagnostics of the structure of polycrystalline films of bile is
proposed. The model of Mueller-matrix description of mechanisms of optical anisotropy of such objects as
optical activity, birefringence, as well as linear and circular dichroism is suggested. The ensemble of
informationally topical azimuthally stable Mueller-matrix invariants is determined. Within the statistical
analysis of such parameters distributions the objective criteria of differentiation of films of bile taken from
healthy donors and diabetes of type 2 were determined. From the point of view of probative medicine the
operational characteristics (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) of the information-optical method of
Mueller-matrix mapping of polycrystalline films of bile were found and its efficiency in diagnostics of
diabetes extent of type 2 was demonstrated. Considered prospects of applying this method in the diagnosis
of cirrhosis.
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This work is directed to the investigation of the scope of the technique of laser polarimetry of oncological changes of the
human prostate and cervical tissues under the conditions of multiple scattering, which presents a more general and real
experimental clinical situation. This study is combining polarimetry and spectropolarimetry techniques for identifying
the changes of optical-geometrical structure in different kinds of biotissues with solid tumours. It is researched that a
linear dichroism appears in biotissues (human esophagus, muscle tissue of rats, human prostate tissue, cervical smear)
with cancer diseases, magnitude of which depends on the type of the tissue and on the time of cancer process
development.
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The aim was to study the possibility of using polarimetry methods of performance evaluation of blood plasma of patients
with breast cancer and spectroscopy method in the diagnosis of breast cancer and determine the criteria for their use of
non-invasive screening for problems.
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We studied a methods of assessment of a connective tissue of cervix in terms of specific volume of fibrous component
and an optical density of staining of connective tissue fibers in the stroma of squamous cancer and cervix
adenocarcinoma. An absorption spectra of blood plasma of the patients suffering from squamous cancer and cervix
adenocarcinoma both before the surgery and in postsurgical periods were obtained. Linear dichroism measurements
transmittance in polarized light at different orientations of the polarization plane relative to the direction of the dominant
orientation in the structure of the sample of biotissues of stroma of squamous cancer and cervix adenocarcinoma were
carried. Results of the investigation of the tumor tissues showed that the magnitude of the linear dichroism Δ is
insignificant in the researched spectral range λ=280-840 nm and specific regularities in its change observed short-wave
ranges.
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The aim of the study was to establish objective parameters of the field of laser and incoherent radiation of different
spectral ranges (UV, visible, IR) as a non-invasive optical method of interaction with different samples of biological
tissues and fluids of patients to determine the dynamics of metabolic syndrome and choosing the best personal treatment.
As diagnostic methods have been used ultraviolet spectrometry samples of blood plasma in the liquid state, infrared
spectroscopy middle range (2,5 - 25 microns) dry residue of plasma polarization and laser diagnostic technique of thin
histological sections of biological tissues.
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