Interactions of silica nanoparticles with therapeutics for oxidative stress attenuation in neurons

Desiree White-Schenk; Riyi Shi; James F. Leary

doi:10.1117/12.2076048

12 March 2015 Interactions of silica nanoparticles with therapeutics for oxidative stress attenuation in neurons

Desiree White-Schenk, Riyi Shi, James F. Leary

Proceedings Volume 9339, Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular Probes for Biomedical Applications VII; 93390Q (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2076048
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2015, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a major role in many disease pathologies, notably in the central nervous system (CNS). For instance, after initial spinal cord injury, the injury site tends to increase during a secondary chemical injury process based on oxidative stress from necrotic cells and the inflammatory response. Prevention of this secondary chemical injury would represent a major advance in the treatment of people with spinal cord injuries. Few therapeutics are useful in combating such stress in the CNS due to side effects, low efficacy, or half-life. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles show promise for delivering therapeutics based on the formation of a porous network during synthesis. Ideally, they increase the circulation time of loaded therapeutics to increase the half-life while reducing overall concentrations to avoid side effects. The current study explored the use of silica nanoparticles for therapeutic delivery of anti-oxidants, in particular, the neutralization of acrolein which can lead to extensive tissue damage due to its ability to generate more and more copies of itself when it interacts with normal tissue.

Both an FDA-approved therapeutic, hydralazine, and natural product, epigallocatechin gallate, were explored as antioxidants for acrolein with nanoparticles for increased efficacy and stability in neuronal cell cultures. Not only were the nanoparticles explored in neuronal cells, but also in a co-cultured in vitro model with microglial cells to study potential immune responses to near-infrared (NIRF)-labeled nanoparticles and uptake. Studies included nanoparticle toxicity, uptake, and therapeutic response using fluorescence-based techniques with both dormant and activated immune microglia co-cultured with neuronal cells.

Citation Download Citation

Desiree White-Schenk, Riyi Shi, and James F. Leary "Interactions of silica nanoparticles with therapeutics for oxidative stress attenuation in neurons", Proc. SPIE 9339, Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular Probes for Biomedical Applications VII, 93390Q (12 March 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2076048

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KEYWORDS

Nanoparticles

Injuries

Silica

Control systems

Molecules

Neurons

In vitro testing

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