Wafer-scale plasmonic and photonic crystal sensors

M. C. George; J.-N. Liu; A. Farhang; B. Williamson; M. Black; T. Wangensteen; J. Fraser; R. Petrova; B. T. Cunningham

doi:10.1117/12.2188631

28 August 2015 Wafer-scale plasmonic and photonic crystal sensors

M. C. George, J.-N. Liu, A. Farhang, B. Williamson, M. Black, T. Wangensteen, J. Fraser, R. Petrova, B. T. Cunningham

Proceedings Volume 9547, Plasmonics: Metallic Nanostructures and Their Optical Properties XIII; 95471F (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188631
Event: SPIE Nanoscience + Engineering, 2015, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

200 mm diameter wafer-scale fabrication, metrology, and optical modeling results are reviewed for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors based on 2-D metallic nano-dome and nano-hole arrays (NHA's) as well as 1-D photonic crystal sensors based on a leaky-waveguide mode resonance effect, with potential applications in label free sensing, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and surface-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SEFS). Potential markets include micro-arrays for medical diagnostics, forensic testing, environmental monitoring, and food safety. 1-D and 2-D nanostructures were fabricated on glass, fused silica, and silicon wafers using optical lithography and semiconductor processing techniques. Wafer-scale optical metrology results are compared to FDTD modeling and presented along with application-based performance results, including label-free plasmonic and photonic crystal sensing of both surface binding kinetics and bulk refractive index changes. In addition, SEFS and SERS results are presented for 1-D photonic crystal and 2-D metallic nano-array structures. Normal incidence transmittance results for a 550 nm pitch NHA showed good bulk refractive index sensitivity, however an intensity-based design with 665 nm pitch was chosen for use as a compact, label-free sensor at both 650 and 632.8 nm wavelengths. The optimized NHA sensor gives an SPR shift of about 480 nm per refractive index unit when detecting a series of 0-40% glucose solutions, but according to modeling shows about 10 times greater surface sensitivity when operating at 532 nm. Narrow-band photonic crystal resonance sensors showed quality factors over 200, with reasonable wafer-uniformity in terms of both resonance position and peak height.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

M. C. George, J.-N. Liu, A. Farhang, B. Williamson, M. Black, T. Wangensteen, J. Fraser, R. Petrova, and B. T. Cunningham "Wafer-scale plasmonic and photonic crystal sensors", Proc. SPIE 9547, Plasmonics: Metallic Nanostructures and Their Optical Properties XIII, 95471F (28 August 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188631

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