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A hyper spectral ground-based instrument named Atmosphere-Surface Radiation Automatic Instrument (ASRAI) has been developed for the purpose of in-situ calibration of satellites. The apparatus has both upward and downward looking views, and thus can observe both the atmosphere and land surface. The solar transmitted irradiance can be derived from the measured full spectral irradiance and diffused spectral irradiance of atmosphere within visible spectrum (0.4-1.0μm). A method similar to that of King et al. which originally intended to apply to multi-wavelength measurements, is adopted to determine absorptive gaseous columnar amount from hyper spectrum. The solar irradiance at top of atmosphere and absorption coefficients of water vapor (H2O), ozone (O3), oxygen (O2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are recalculated at an instrumental spectral resolution by convolution method. Based on the gaseous characteristics of absorption, the total columnar amounts of water vapor and oxygen are first inferred from solar transmitted irradiance at strong absorption wavelength of 0.934μm and 0.763μm respectively. The total columnar amounts of ozone and nitrogen dioxide, together with aerosol optical depth, are determined by a nonlinear least distance fitting method which minimizes a χ2 statistic to obtain optimal solutions. ASRAI was deployed for observation in Dunhuang site in China in August of 2014. Our results demonstrate that the algorithm is reasonable. Although the validation is preliminary, the hyper spectrum measured by ASRAI exhibits good ability to retrieve the abundance of absorptive gases and aerosols.
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