Photovoltaic lead-chalcogenide on silicon infrared sensor arrays

Hans Zogg; Alexander Fach; Clau Maissen; Jiri Masek; Stefan Blunier

doi:10.1117/12.165808

1 May 1994 Photovoltaic lead-chalcogenide on silicon infrared sensor arrays

Hans Zogg, Alexander Fach, Clau Maissen, Jiri Masek, Stefan Blunier

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Optical Engineering, Vol. 33, Issue 5, (May 1994). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.165808

Abstract

MBE growth and infrared device fabrication with epitaxial IV-VI layers on Si substrates are reviewed. Epitaxy on Si substrates is achieved using a stacked BaF₂/CaF₂ or CaF₂ buffer layer. With buffers containing no BaF₂, standard photolithographic delineation with wet-etching techniques can be used. Photovoltaic IV-VI sensors with cutoff wavelengths ranging from 3 to 14 μm are fabricated in PbS, PbSe_1-xS_x, PbEu_1-xSe_x, PbTe, or Pb_1-xSn_xSe layers on Si (111) substrates. They offer the possibility for low-cost infrared focal plane arrays with sensitivities similar to Hg_1-xCd_xTe, but with much less demanding material processing steps. A 13-mm-long linear array with 10.5-μm cutoff wavelength has inhomogeneities in cutoff below 0.1 μm. Some arrays were grown on prefabricated active Si substrates containing the whole readout circuits. First thermal images using these chips are demonstrated. The induced mechanical strain resulting from the different thermal expansion of IV-VIs and Si relaxes down to cryogenic temperatures even after many temperature cycles because of dislocation glide in the main {100} glide planes.

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Hans Zogg, Alexander Fach, Clau Maissen, Jiri Masek, and Stefan Blunier "Photovoltaic lead-chalcogenide on silicon infrared sensor arrays," Optical Engineering 33(5), (1 May 1994). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.165808

Published: 1 May 1994

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