25 September 2020 CMOS fully integrated terahertz thermal detector using metamaterial absorber and proportional-to-absolute temperature sensor
Xu Wang
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Terahertz (THz) detectors have drawn much attention and have been widely applied in imaging, spectroscopy, and sensing fields. An uncooled monolithic resonant THz thermal detector implemented in a standard 55-nm CMOS process is presented. The integration of a frequency selective metamaterial (MM) absorber coupled with an optimized proportional-to-absolute temperature (PTAT) sensor leads to an approach toward uncooled, compact, low-cost, easy-integration, and mass-production THz detectors. The theoretical analysis, design considerations, and characteristic measurements are demonstrated in detail. The proposed thermal detector is designed to resonate at 2.58 THz for the accessible THz source and the natural atmospheric window. The MM absorber achieves near-perfect absorptivity of 98.6%, and the optimized PTAT sensor obtains a high-temperature sensitivity of 10.11  mV  /    °  C. The calculated responsivity is 49.81  V  /  W at 2.58 THz with a calculated noise-equivalent power (NEP) of 0.78  μW  /  Hz0.5 at a modulation frequency of 3 Hz. Relatively better experimental results are obtained at 2.58 THz with a maximum responsivity of 48.3  V  /  W and a minimum NEP of 1.06  μW  /  Hz0.5.

© 2020 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) 0091-3286/2020/$28.00 © 2020 SPIE
Xu Wang "CMOS fully integrated terahertz thermal detector using metamaterial absorber and proportional-to-absolute temperature sensor," Optical Engineering 59(9), 097106 (25 September 2020). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.59.9.097106
Received: 2 June 2020; Accepted: 1 September 2020; Published: 25 September 2020
Lens.org Logo
CITATIONS
Cited by 4 scholarly publications.
Advertisement
Advertisement
RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS
Get copyright permission  Get copyright permission on Copyright Marketplace
KEYWORDS
Sensors

Terahertz radiation

CMOS sensors

Absorption

Metals

Metamaterials

Modulation

Back to Top