In paper presents a comparative study of the short-scale wind waves spectra, received by means of optical and radiometric methods. The optical method for recording the wind waves spectrum is based on spectral analysis of the optical images of the sea surface with non-nadir observations. An incoherent optical spectrum analyzer developed at the Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences is described that allows one to record two-dimensional spectra of the sea surface in real time in the wave number range from 0.3 to 5.0 rad/cm. Wind-wave spectrum retrieval using microwave radiometers was carried out by the method of Non-linear Radiothermal Resonance Spectroscopy (NRRS), which was developed and are improving at present at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Using a set of radiometers-polarimeters of the 3, 5 and 8-mm ranges, provides restoration of the spectrum in the range of wave numbers from 0.39 to 15.0 rad/cm. Synchronous microwave and optical measurements of wind wave spectra were carried out on a marine hydrophysical platform in the Black Sea. The results of the sea wave's spectrum restoration obtained by means microwave and optical technique gave almost identical estimates of the spectral curves level, which also coincide with the model spectra. This fact confirms the consistency of described wind wave's spectra recording methods and the possibility of their use for monitoring the sea surface state in natural conditions.
The system of optical devices for remote sensing of near surface layer of the ocean is created. The system consists of a set of original linear array of CCD-photodiodes for the recording of range – time – intensity images (RTI images) of sea surface from optical sections of sea surface and incoherent two-dimensional optical spectrum analyzer (TOSA) for the recording of the sea wave spectra by spectral analysis of the sea surface images in real time. Two these RTI images with various directions of observations enable one to receive complete information about kinematics characteristic of various manifestations on the sea surface, including sea surface waves regardless of its dispersion relation, near surface wind flow manifestations on the sea surface, internal waves (IW) manifestations, oil slicks owing to its ability to screen objects according to their velocity. The recording of short wave spectra perform by the optical spectrum analyzer synchronous with the RTI images of sea surface. The examples of investigations of long surface wave field, sea wave spectra and manifestations of wind gusts and IW are presented.
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