This paper, “Requirements, architectures and technologies for Skymed-COSMO optical payload," was presented as part of International Conference on Space Optics—ICSO 1997, held in Toulouse, France.
Alberto Cellino, Mario Di Martino, Elisabetta Dotto, Paolo Tanga, Vincenzo Zappala, Stephan Price, Mike Egan, Edward Tedesco, Andrea Carusi, Andrea Boattini, Paolo Persi, Karri Muinonen, Alan Harris, Marco Castronuovo, Mark Bailey, Johan Lagerros, Luigi Bussolino, Antonella Ferri, Pietro Merlina, Andrea Mariani, Stefano Brogi, Thomas Murdock
We investigate a broad system design for a space-based observatory operating at mid-infrared and visible wavelengths to perform physical characterization and discovery of near-Earth objects (NEOs) in the inner solar system. Our goals require measurements that are much more efficiently done from space. The mission objectives are to obtain accurate diameters, albedos and multiband reflectance properties for the known NEOs, and to conduct a search for objects spending most or all their orbital period inside Earth's orbit. The purpose is to observe a large fraction of the existing population during a mission operational lifetime of two years. A rather modest sized telescope (70 cm primary mirror and Ritchey-Chretien optical configuration) is found to be adequate to meet the objectives.
Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) is a grating spectrometer designed to monitor from the ESA satellite ERS-2 absorption by ozone and trace gases in the earth atmosphere. The instrument works in the spectral range 240-790 nm, with a spectral resolution of 0.2 nm and a spatial resolution of 40 X 40 km2. GOME makes use of high density holographic gratings as dispersing elements, and cooled photodiode arrays of 1024 pixels as detectors. Its characteristics, as well as the in flight calibration means, permit to use both differential optical absorption spectrometry and backscattering in the ultra-violet as retrieval methods. This paper describes the main features of the instrument, the results of the test campaign performed on the engineering model and the concepts adopted for ground and in- flight calibration.
The Optical Monitor is a part of the JET-X experiment which will fly on board the Soviet satellite Spectrum-X-Gamma. The reflector is a Ritchey-Chretien with an aperture of 260 mm, and there are two frame transfer CCD detectors. The scientific objectives of the Optical Monitor are observations in the optical and UV bands simultaneously with X-ray, the real time identification of X-ray sources with mv less than or equal to 22 and detection of their variability, the improvement of the post-facto spacecraft attitude reconstruction for the X-ray observations, and the serendipitous mode search for microvariability of the bright stars to develop the research field of asteroseismology. Since long integration times are required for the faint object detection, a dedicated servo loop operating on the secondary mirror is developed for the stabilization of the images against the drift of the satellite.
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